Semantisches Browsen

Als monotypisch wird ein [[Taxon]] bezeichnet, das nur ''einen'' [[Typus]] enthält, z. B. nur eine Art in einer Gattung oder nur eine Gattung in einer Familie. Der Ausdruck sollte nicht verwendet werden, wenn eine Gattung in einem bestimmten Gebiet (z. B. Deutschland) nur ein Art enthält, weltweit jedoch mehrere Arten existieren.

<span style="background-color: #e9ddaf;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Kopf" title="id → Kopf"> '''I''': Kopf; </span></span><span style="background-color: #ffeeaa;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Thorax" title="id → Thorax"> '''II''': Rumpf (Thorax); </span></span><span style="background-color: #dde9af;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Abdomen" title="id → Abdomen"> '''III''': Hinterende (Abdomen): </span></span><br /> <span class="alerttarget" id="Pr.C3.A4scutum" title="id → Pr.C3.A4scutum"> '''1''': Präscutum; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="vorderesStigma" title="id → vorderesStigma"> '''2''': vorderes Stigma; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Scutum" title="id → Scutum"> '''3''': Schild (Scutum); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Costabasis" title="id → Costabasis"> '''4''': Costabasis des Flügels; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Calyptera" title="id → Calyptera"> '''5''': Flügelschüppchen (Calyptera); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Scutellum" title="id → Scutellum"> '''6''': Schildchen (Scutellum); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Fl.C3.BCgeladern" title="id → Fl.C3.BCgeladern"> '''7''': Flügeladern; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Fl.C3.BCgel" title="id → Fl.C3.BCgel"> '''8''': Flügel; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Abdominalsegment" title="id → Abdominalsegment"> '''9''': Hinterleibssegment (Abdominalsegment); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Haltere" title="id → Haltere"> '''10''': Haltere; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="hinteresStigma" title="id → hinteresStigma"> '''11''': hinteres Stigma; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Femur" title="id → Femur"> Femur</span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tibia" title="id → Tibia"> Tibia</span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Sporn" title="id → Sporn"> '''14''': Sporn; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tarsus" title="id → Tarsus"> '''15''': Tarsus (Fuß); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Propleura" title="id → Propleura"> '''16''': Propleura; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Sternopleura" title="id → Sternopleura"> '''17''': Sternopleura; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Mesopleura" title="id → Mesopleura"> '''18''': Mesopleura; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Mesosternum" title="id → Mesosternum"> '''19''': Mesosternum; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Metapleura" title="id → Metapleura"> '''20''': Metapleura; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Hypopleura" title="id → Hypopleura"> '''21''': Hypopleura; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Komplexauge" title="id → Komplexauge"> '''22''': Komplexauge; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Arista" title="id → Arista"> '''23''': Fühlerborste (Arista); </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Antenne" title="id → Antenne"> '''24''': Antenne; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Maxilarpalpus" title="id → Maxilarpalpus"> '''25''': Maxilarpalpus; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Labium" title="id → Labium"> '''26''': Labium; </span> '''27''': ? <span class="alerttarget" id="Labellum" title="id → Labellum"> '''28''': Labellum; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Pseudotracheae" title="id → Pseudotracheae"> '''29''': Pseudotracheae </span>. [[File:Housefly_anatomy-key.svg|zentriert|Morphologie s. Text|380px]]

<table style="text-align:left;"><tr><td style="background-color:#d9f9d9;vertical-align:top;" > '''1''' Kopf : <span class="alerttarget" id="Proboscis" title="id → Proboscis"> '''1.1''' Proboscis (Stechrüssel), </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Flagellomere" title="id → Flagellomere"> '''1.2''' Flagellomere, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Antenne" title="id → Antenne"> '''1.3''' Antenne, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Palpen" title="id → Palpen"> '''1.4''' Palpen – Taster, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Komplexauge" title="id → Komplexauge"> '''1.5''' Komplexauge, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="OccipitaleRegion" title="id → OccipitaleRegion"> '''1.6''' Occipitale Region (Hinterkopf-Region) </span> </td><td style="background-color:#f9f5cd;vertical-align:top;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Thorax" title="id → Thorax"> '''2''' Thorax </span> : <span class="alerttarget" id="Antepronotum" title="id → Antepronotum"> '''2.1''' Antepronotum (vorderes Pronotum/Halsschild), </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Scutum" title="id → Scutum"> '''2.2''' Scutum (Schild), </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Scutellum" title="id → Scutellum"> '''2.3''' Scutellum (Schildchen), </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Postnotum" title="id → Postnotum"> '''2.4''' Postnotum, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Haltere" title="id → Haltere"> '''2.5''' Haltere – Schwinger </span> </td><td style="background-color:#d0e8f7;vertical-align:top;" > '''3''' Abdomen : <span class="alerttarget" id="Abdomen" title="id → Abdomen"> '''3.1''' Abdomen mit Segmenten I - VII, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Cerci" title="id → Cerci"> '''3.2''' Cerci </span> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:2px solid #f9f5cd;" colspan=3> '''4''' Vorderbein, <span class="alerttarget" id="Mittelbein" title="id → Mittelbein"> '''5''' Mittelbein, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Hinterbein" title="id → Hinterbein"> '''6''' Hinterbein </span> : <span class="alerttarget" id="Tarsus" title="id → Tarsus"> '''4.1''' Tarsus – Fuß (Tarsomere/Fußglieder 1 bis 5), </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tibia" title="id → Tibia"> '''4.2''' Tibia – Schienbein, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Femur" title="id → Femur"> '''4.3''' Femur – Schenkel </span>'''7''' Flügel : '''7.1''' Längsadern: <span class="alerttarget" id="Costa" title="id → Costa"> '''7.1.1''' Costa, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Subcosta" title="id → Subcosta"> '''7.1.2''' Subcosta, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Radius" title="id → Radius"> '''7.1.3''' Radius, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Media" title="id → Media"> '''7.1.4''' Media, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Cubitus" title="id → Cubitus"> '''7.1.5''' Cubitus, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Analader" title="id → Analader"> '''7.1.6''' Analader </span> : '''7.2''' Queradern: <span class="alerttarget" id="radial-medial-Ader" title="id → radial-medial-Ader"> '''7.2.1''' radial-medial-Ader, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="medial-cubital-Ader" title="id → medial-cubital-Ader"> '''7.2.2''' medial-cubital-Ader, </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Humeralader" title="id → Humeralader"> '''7.2.3''' Humeralader </span> </td></tr></table> [[Datei:Culex_pipiens_diagram_num.svg|zentriert|Morphologie s. Text|380px]]

<span style="background-color: #ffefb6;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Kopf" title="id → Kopf"> '''A''': Kopf; </span></span><span style="background-color: #f9efcb;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Thorax" title="id → Thorax"> '''B''': Rumpf (Thorax); </span></span><span style="background-color: #f3ebd3;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Abdomen" title="id → Abdomen"> '''C''': Hinterende (Abdomen): </span></span><br /> <span class="alerttarget" id="Schl.C3.A4fe" title="id → Schl.C3.A4fe"> '''1''': Schläfe; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Vertex" title="id → Vertex"> '''2''': Scheitel – Vertex; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Ocellen" title="id → Ocellen"> '''3''': Punktaugen – Ocellen; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Komplexauge" title="id → Komplexauge"> '''4''': Komplexauge; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Clypaeus" title="id → Clypaeus"> '''5''': Kopfschild – Clypaeus; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Antenne" title="id → Antenne"> '''6''': Antenne; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Wange" title="id → Wange"> '''7''': Wange; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Mandibel" title="id → Mandibel"> '''8''': Oberkiefer – Mandibel; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Vorderbein" title="id → Vorderbein"> '''9''': Vorderbein; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Coxa" title="id → Coxa"> '''10''': Hüfte – Coxa; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Femur" title="id → Femur"> '''11''': Oberschenkel – Femur; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tibia" title="id → Tibia"> '''12''': Schienbein – Tibia; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Sporn" title="id → Sporn"> '''13''': Sporn; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tarsus" title="id → Tarsus"> '''14''': Fuß – Tarsus; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="" title="id → "> '''15''': Klauengleid – Tarsalklaue</span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Hinterbein" title="id → Hinterbein"> '''16''': Hinterbein; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Sternit" title="id → Sternit"> '''17''': 5. Sternit; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Stachel" title="id → Stachel"> '''18''': Stachel; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Tergit" title="id → Tergit"> '''19''': 3. Tergit; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Hinterfl.C3.BCgel" title="id → Hinterfl.C3.BCgel"> '''20''': Hinterflügel; </span> <span class="alerttarget" id="Vorderfl.C3.BCgel" title="id → Vorderfl.C3.BCgel"> '''21''': Vorderflügel; </span> [[Datei:Wasp_morphology_Generic_Text.svg|zentriert|Morphologie s. Text|380px]]

<span style="background-color:#efe0de">'''A''': Kopf; </span> <span style="background-color: #ffffc3;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Thorax" title="id → Thorax"> '''B''': Thorax </span>(Rumpf);</span> <span style="background-color: #d3ffff;color:black;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;display:inline-block;"><span class="alerttarget" id="Abdomen" title="id → Abdomen"> '''C''': Abdomen (Hinterleib). </span></span><br /><span class="alerttarget" id="Fu.C3.9Fklauen" title="id → Fu.C3.9Fklauen"> '''1''': Fußklauen </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Tarsus" title="id → Tarsus"> '''2''': Tarsus (Fußglieder) </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Tibia" title="id → Tibia"> '''3''': Tibia (Schienbein) </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Femur" title="id → Femur"> '''4''': Femur (Schenkel) </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Komplexauge" title="id → Komplexauge"> '''8''': Komplexauge </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Antenne" title="id → Antenne"> '''9''': Antenne </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Clypeus" title="id → Clypeus"> '''10''': Clypeus </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="lateraleTergite" title="id → lateraleTergite"> '''23''': laterale Tergite </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Pronotum" title="id → Pronotum"> '''25''': Pronotum </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Scutellum" title="id → Scutellum"> '''26''': Scutellum </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Clavus" title="id → Clavus"> '''27''': Clavus </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Corium" title="id → Corium"> '''28''': Corium ([Leder-]„Haut“) </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Embolium" title="id → Embolium"> '''29''': Embolium </span>; <span class="alerttarget" id="Membran" title="id → Membran"> '''30''': Membran </span>. [[Datei:Heteroptera_morphology-d.svg|zentriert|380px|Morphologie s. Text]]

Durch den [[Mauser|Gefiederwechsel]] verursachte Lücken im Gefieder. Diese Lücken sind beim Verlust einzelner [[Großgefieder|Großfedern]] oder vieler nah beieinander stehender [[Kleingefieder|Kleinfedern]] (hervortreten des Untergefieders) besonders auffällig. Vom Vogel absichtliches ausreißen oder abbeißen von Federn wird als [[Rupfen]] bezeichnet.