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Liste der Ergebnisse

Dietrich - Flora Regni Borussici Bd.08 1840 + (Inhalt: : Tafel 505. Gentiana verna Linné …
Inhalt: : Tafel 505. Gentiana verna Linné : Tafel 506. Gentiana Amarella Linné : Tafel 507. Gladiolus communis Linné : Tafel 508. Orchis mascula Linné : Tafel 509. Epipactis viridiflora Reichenbach : Tafel 510. Stachys arvensis Linné : Tafel 511. Orobanche coerulescens Stephan : Tafel 512. Glaux maritima Linné : Tafel 513. Phyteuma spicatum Linné : Tafel 514. Sedum villosum Linné : Tafel 515. Veronica spicata Linné : Tafel 516. Odontites lutea Reichenbach : Tafel 517. Vicia pisiformis Linné : Tafel 518. Vicia tenuifolia Roth : Tafel 519. Sanicula europaea Linné : Tafel 520. Dipsacus pilosus Linné : Tafel 521. Onopordon Acanthium Linné : Tafel 522. Silybum marianum Gärtner : Tafel 523. Sinapis alba Linné : Tafel 524. Sinapis nigra Linné : Tafel 525. Atriplex hastata Linné : Tafel 526. Atriplex patula Linné : Tafel 527. Passerina annua Wickström : Tafel 528. Linosyris vulgaris Cassini : Tafel 529. Oxytropis pilosa De Cand : Tafel 530. Circaea alpina Linné : Tafel 531. Gomphidius glutinosus Fries : Tafel 532. Nyctalis Asterophora Fries : Tafel 533. Morchella rimosipes De Candolle : Tafel 534. Morchella hybrida Persoon : Tafel 535. Peziza hemisphaerica Hoffmann : Tafel 536. Irpex fusco-violaceus Fr : Tafel 537. Petasites vulgaris Desfont : Tafel 538. Helleborus viridis Linné : Tafel 539. Alliaria officinalis Andrz : Tafel 540. Taraxacum officinale Wiggers : Tafel 541. Nonea pulla De Candolle : Tafel 542. Ornithopus perpusillus Linné : Tafel 543. Vaccinium Myrtillus Linné : Tafel 544. Tussilago Farfara Linné : Tafel 545. Leucanthemum vulgare Lamark : Tafel 546. Carduus nutans Linné : Tafel 547. Centaurea Cyanus Linné : Tafel 548. Centaurea Jacea Linné : Tafel 549. Centaurea Scabiosa Linné : Tafel 550. Centaurea paniculata Linné : Tafel 551. Centaurea calcitrapa Linné : Tafel 552. Cirseum oleraceum Scopoli : Tafel 553. Cirsium acaule Allioni : Tafel 554. Cirsium arvense Scopoli : Tafel 555. Serratula tinctoria Linné : Tafel 556. Tripolium vulgare Nees : Tafel 557. Aster salignus Willdenow : Tafel 558. Ptarmica vulgaris Blackw : Tafel 559. Cichorium Intybus Linné : Tafel 560. Inula Oetteliana Reichenb : Tafel 561. Pulicaria dysenterica Gärtner : Tafel 562. Pulicaria vulgaris Gärtner : Tafel 563. Senecio sarracenicus Linné : Tafel 564. Senecio nemorensis Linné : Tafel 565. Mulgedium alpinum Lessing : Tafel 566. Hieracium alpinum Linné : Tafel 567. Lathyrus tuberosus Linné : Tafel 568. Lathyrus sylvestris Linné : Tafel 569. Lathyrus pratensis Linné : Tafel 570. Epilobium angustifolium Linné : Tafel 571. Epilobium hirsutum Linné : Tafel 572. Epilobium parviflorum Schreber : Tafel 573. Veronica longifolia Linné : Tafel 574. Elatine Alsinastrum Linné : Tafel 575. Elatine hexandra De Cand : Tafel 576. Sherardia arvensis Linné
Cand : Tafel 576. Sherardia arvensis Linné)
Dietrich - Flora Regni Borussici Bd.08, BHL-103508 1840 + (Inhalt: : Tafel 505. Gentiana verna Linné …
Inhalt: : Tafel 505. Gentiana verna Linné : Tafel 506. Gentiana Amarella Linné : Tafel 507. Gladiolus communis Linné : Tafel 508. Orchis mascula Linné : Tafel 509. Epipactis viridiflora Reichenbach : Tafel 510. Stachys arvensis Linné : Tafel 511. Orobanche coerulescens Stephan : Tafel 512. Glaux maritima Linné : Tafel 513. Phyteuma spicatum Linné : Tafel 514. Sedum villosum Linné : Tafel 515. Veronica spicata Linné : Tafel 516. Odontites lutea Reichenbach : Tafel 517. Vicia pisiformis Linné : Tafel 518. Vicia tenuifolia Roth : Tafel 519. Sanicula europaea Linné : Tafel 520. Dipsacus pilosus Linné : Tafel 521. Onopordon Acanthium Linné : Tafel 522. Silybum marianum Gärtner : Tafel 523. Sinapis alba Linné : Tafel 524. Sinapis nigra Linné : Tafel 525. Atriplex hastata Linné : Tafel 526. Atriplex patula Linné : Tafel 527. Passerina annua Wickström : Tafel 528. Linosyris vulgaris Cassini : Tafel 529. Oxytropis pilosa De Cand : Tafel 530. Circaea alpina Linné : Tafel 531. Gomphidius glutinosus Fries : Tafel 532. Nyctalis Asterophora Fries : Tafel 533. Morchella rimosipes De Candolle : Tafel 534. Morchella hybrida Persoon : Tafel 535. Peziza hemisphaerica Hoffmann : Tafel 536. Irpex fusco-violaceus Fr : Tafel 537. Petasites vulgaris Desfont : Tafel 538. Helleborus viridis Linné : Tafel 539. Alliaria officinalis Andrz : Tafel 540. Taraxacum officinale Wiggers : Tafel 541. Nonea pulla De Candolle : Tafel 542. Ornithopus perpusillus Linné : Tafel 543. Vaccinium Myrtillus Linné : Tafel 544. Tussilago Farfara Linné : Tafel 545. Leucanthemum vulgare Lamark : Tafel 546. Carduus nutans Linné : Tafel 547. Centaurea Cyanus Linné : Tafel 548. Centaurea Jacea Linné : Tafel 549. Centaurea Scabiosa Linné : Tafel 550. Centaurea paniculata Linné : Tafel 551. Centaurea calcitrapa Linné : Tafel 552. Cirseum oleraceum Scopoli : Tafel 553. Cirsium acaule Allioni : Tafel 554. Cirsium arvense Scopoli : Tafel 555. Serratula tinctoria Linné : Tafel 556. Tripolium vulgare Nees : Tafel 557. Aster salignus Willdenow : Tafel 558. Ptarmica vulgaris Blackw : Tafel 559. Cichorium Intybus Linné : Tafel 560. Inula Oetteliana Reichenb : Tafel 561. Pulicaria dysenterica Gärtner : Tafel 562. Pulicaria vulgaris Gärtner : Tafel 563. Senecio sarracenicus Linné : Tafel 564. Senecio nemorensis Linné : Tafel 565. Mulgedium alpinum Lessing : Tafel 566. Hieracium alpinum Linné : Tafel 567. Lathyrus tuberosus Linné : Tafel 568. Lathyrus sylvestris Linné : Tafel 569. Lathyrus pratensis Linné : Tafel 570. Epilobium angustifolium Linné : Tafel 571. Epilobium hirsutum Linné : Tafel 572. Epilobium parviflorum Schreber : Tafel 573. Veronica longifolia Linné : Tafel 574. Elatine Alsinastrum Linné : Tafel 575. Elatine hexandra De Cand : Tafel 576. Sherardia arvensis Linné
Cand : Tafel 576. Sherardia arvensis Linné)
Dietrich - Flora Regni Borussici Bd.09, BHL-103910 1841 + (Inhalt: : Tafel 577. Swertia perennis Linn …
Inhalt: : Tafel 577. Swertia perennis Linné. : Tafel 578. Villarsia Nymphoides Ventenat. : Tafel 579. Orobanche arenaria Borkhausen. : Tafel 580. Orobanche loricata Reichenbach. : Tafel 581. Anarrhinum bellidifolium Desfontaine. : Tafel 582. Antirrhinum Orontium Linné. : Tafel 583. Eryngium campestre Linné. : Tafel 584. Gypsophila fastigiata Linné. : Tafel 585. Potentilla supina Linné. : Tafel 586. Saxifraga Hirculus Linné. : Tafel 587. Leucojum vernum Linné. : Tafel 588. Tulipa sylvestris Linné. : Tafel 589. Alopecurus pratensis Linné. : Tafel 590. Alopecurus agrestis Linné. : Tafel 591. Phleum pratense Linné. : Tafel 592. Phleum Boehmeri Wibel. : Tafel 593. Agrostis stolonifera Linné. : Tafel 594. Agrostis vulgaris Withering. : Tafel 595. Petasitis albus Gärtner. : Tafel 596. Petasitis spurius Reichenbach. : Tafel 597. Scorzonera purpurea Linné. : Tafel 598. Scorzonera humilis Linné. : Tafel 599. Erophila vulgaris De Candalle. : Tafel 600. Capsella Bursa pastoris Moench. : Tafel 601. Arabis Thaliana Linné. : Tafel 602. Arabis arenosa Scopoli. : Tafel 603. Orobus niger Linné. : Tafel 604. Lathyrus palustris Linné. : Tafel 605. Onobrychis sativa Lamark. : Tafel 606. Astragalus arenarius Linné. : Tafel 607. Asperugo procumbens Linné. : Tafel 608. Arnica montana Linné. : Tafel 609. Senecio palustris De Candolle. : Tafel 610. Crepis tectorum Linné. : Tafel 611. Leontodon hastilis Linné. : Tafel 612. Oporinia autumnalis Don. : Tafel 613. Geranium sanguineum Linné. : Tafel 614. Geranium palustre Linné. : Tafel 615. Knautia arvensis Coulter. : Tafel 616. Scabiosa suaveolens Desfontaine. : Tafel 617. Scabiosa Columbaria Linné. : Tafel 618. Succisa pratensis Mönch. : Tafel 619. Chondrilla juncea Linné. : Tafel 620. Erigeron acre Linné. : Tafel 621. Erigeron canadense Linné. : Tafel 622. Lampsana communis Linné. : Tafel 623. Berterea incana Mönch. : Tafel 624. Lepidium ruderale Linné. : Tafel 625. Nasturtium amphibium Rob. Brown. : Tafel 626. Nasturtium sylvestre Rob. Brown. : Tafel 627. Nasturtium palustre De Candolle. : Tafel 628. Polycnemum arvense Linné. : Tafel 629. Scleranthus annuus Linné. : Tafel 630. Scleranthus perennis Linné. : Tafel 631. Aster Amellus Linné. : Tafel 632. Chrysanthemum segetum Linné. : Tafel 633. Artemisia Absinthium Linné. : Tafel 634. Artemisia vulgaris Linné. : Tafel 635. Artemisia campestris Linné. : Tafel 636. Bidens cernua Linné. : Tafel 637. Thrincia hirta Roth. : Tafel 638. Crepis biennis Linné. : Tafel 639. Arnoseris pusilla Gärtner. : Tafel 640. Hypochaeris radicata Linné. : Tafel 641. Anthemis tinctoria Linné. : Tafel 642. Cystisus nigricans Linné. : Tafel 643. Vicia sylvatica Linné. : Tafel 644. Vicia cassubica Linné. : Tafel 645. Vicia villosa Roth. : Tafel 646. Vicia Cracca Linné. : Tafel 647. Aethusa Cynapium Linne. : Tafel 648. Anthriscus vulgaris Persoon. : Rückendeckel : Buchrücken
garis Persoon. : Rückendeckel : Buchrücken)
Weiß - Kinder Conversations Lexikon Bd.03 - 1867 + (Inhalt: Adelsberger Höhle, Aegypter, Aetna …
Inhalt: Adelsberger Höhle, Aegypter, Aetna, Affe, Alpenrose, Amphitheater, Apelles, Arbeitsamkeit, Asbest, Bär, Barbarossa, Berg, Bergsturz von Goldau, Blitz und Donner, Branntwein, Brennessel, Brod, Charaden, Cuntur, Dädalus und Ikarus, Deutschen, Distelfink, Eidechsen, Elektrizität, Elephant, Engländer, Erde, Esel, Feigenbaum, Fixsterne, Floh, Frankfurt a. M., Franzosen, Freie Städte, Freiheit, Frösche, Frühling, Fuchs, Fuggerei, Gemsen, Geruch des Hundes, Gießbach, Gletscher, Gold, Hase, Hausschwalbe, Hecht, Heidelberg, Holz, Jahreszeiten, Insekten, Kaffernland, Kleidung, Königsfee, Lauterbrunnenthal, Lemming, Liebe der Thiere, London, Luft, Lügen, Martinswand, Menagerie, Nachtigall, Nashorn, Nürnberg, Obelisken, Oliven, Ordnung, Palindrom, Palmen, Pferd, Pyramiden, Räthsel, Regenbogen, Regensburg, Rosinen, Rübezahl, Russen, Samen der Pflanzen, Schnecken, Skorpion, Seemann, See’n, Silber, Singen, Sokrates, Sonne, Sorge der Vögel, Spiele, Stadt, Sternenhimmel, Thiere, Thierkämpfe, Tiger, Treue des Hundes, Turnen, Türken, Uhland, Uhren, Umgang mit Andern, Unze, Verwandlung der Käfer, Vierwaldstätter-See, Vogelnest, Vorboten des Frühlings, Wald, Wachen der Thiere, Wallfisch, Wasserfall, Wildbad, Winter, Wolf, Zebra, Ziegenmelker, Zimmt, Zitteraal, Zugabe, Eisbär, Hemdenbaum, Kameel, Westindien und die Negersklaven, Grönland und seine Bewohner
Negersklaven, Grönland und seine Bewohner)
Krafft - Lehrbuch der Landwirthschaft auf wissenschaftlicher und praktischer Grundlage - 02 - 1876 + (Inhaltsverzeichnis II. Beſondere Pflanzenb …
Inhaltsverzeichnis II. Beſondere Pflanzenbaulehre. : Einleitung 3 : I. Die Mehlfrüchte. (Cultur ſtärkemehlreicher Samen.) :: 1. Der Weizen 5 ::: Arten und Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 5 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 12 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 14 ::: 3. Die Saat 16 ::: 4. Die Pflege 19 ::: 5. Die Ernte 24 :: 2. Der Roggen 26 ::: Spielarten 26 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 27 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 28 ::: 3. Die Saat 29 ::: 4. Die Pflege 31 ::: 5. Die Ernte 33 :: 3. Die Gerſte 34 ::: Arten und Spielarten 34 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 36 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 38 ::: 3. Die Saat 39 ::: 4. Die Pflege 40 ::: 5. Die Ernte 42 :: 4. Der Hafer 43 ::: Arten und Spielarten 43 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 45 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 46 ::: 3. Die Saat 46 ::: 4. Die Pflege 47 ::: 5. Die Ernte 48 :: 5. Der Reis 48 :: 6. Der Mais 49 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 49 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 51 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 52 ::: 3. Die Saat 53 ::: 4. Die Pflege 55 ::: 5. Die Ernte 57 :: 7. Die Mohrenhirſe 58 :: 8. Die Hirſe 59 ::: Arten und Spielarten 59 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 60 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 60 ::: 3. Die Saat 61 ::: 4. Die Pflege 61 ::: 5. Die Ernte 61 :: 9. Der Buchweizen 62 :: 10. Mengſaaten 64 ::: a. Weizengemenge 65 ::: b. Spelzgemenge 65 ::: c. Roggengemenge 65 ::: d. Gerſtengemenge 65 ::: e. Hafergemenge 66 : II. Die Hülſenfrüchte. (Cultur proteïnreicher Samen.) :: 1. Die Erbſe 66 ::: Arten und Spielarten 66 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 67 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 68 ::: 3. Die Saat 68 ::: 4. Die Pflege 69 ::: 5. Die Ernte 70 :: 2. Die Linſe 71 :: 3. Die Wicke 72 :: 4. Die Pferdebohne 74 :: 5. Die Wicklinſe, Platterbſe und Kicher 76 :: 6. Die Phaſeole 78 : III. Die Oelfrüchte. (Cultur ölhaltiger Samen.) :: 1. Der Raps 80 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 80 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 82 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 82 ::: 3. Die Saat 83 ::: 4. Die Pflege 83 ::: 5. Die Ernte 86 :: 2. Der Rübſen 87 :: 3. Der Leindotter 88 :: 4. Der Mohn 88 ::: Spielarten 88 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 89 ::: 2. Die Saat und die Pflege 90 ::: 3. Die Ernte 90 :: 5. Der Senf, der Oelrettig, die Sonnenblume und die Madie 91 : IV. Die Gewürzpflanzen, der Hopfen und die Weberkarde. (Cultur ätheriſches Oel enthaltender Samen, Wurzeln und Fruchtſtände.) :: 1. Der ſchwarze Senf 94 :: 2. Der Meerrettig 94 :: 3. Der Kümmel 95 :: 4. Der Fenchel, der Anis und der Koriander 96 :: 5. Der Safran 97 :: 6. Der Hopfen 98 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 98 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 99 ::: 2. Die Anlage des Hopfengartens 100 ::: 3. Die Pflege 101 ::: 4. Die Ernte 102 :: 7. Die Weberkarde 104 : V. Die Farbepflanzen. (Cultur farbſtoffhaltiger Blüthen, Blätter und Wurzeln.) :: 1. Die Malve 106 :: 2. Der Saflor 106 :: 3. Der Wau 107 :: 4. Der Waid 108 :: 5. Der Krapp 109 : VI. Die Blattpflanzen. (Cultur alkaloidhaltiger Blätter.) :: 1. Der Tabak 112 ::: Arten und Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 112 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 113 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 114 ::: 3. Die Saat 115 ::: 4. Die Pflege 116 ::: 5. Die Ernte 117 : VII. Die Geſpinnſtpflanzen. (Cultur baſtreicher Stengel.) :: 1. Der Lein 119 ::: Arten und Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 119 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 120 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 120 ::: 3. Die Saat 121 ::: 4. Die Pflege 123 ::: 5. Die Ernte 124 ::: 6. Die Flachszubereitung 125 ::: 7. Der Ertrag 127 :: 2. Der Hanf 128 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 128 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 129 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 130 ::: 3. Die Saat 130 ::: 4. Die Pflege 131 ::: 5. Die Ernte 131 : VIII. Die Knollen- und Wurzelfrüchte. (Cultur ſtärkemehlhaltiger Knollen und rohrzuckerhaltiger Wurzeln.) :: 1. Der Kohlrabi 134 :: 2. Die Kartoffel 135 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 135 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 138 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 140 ::: 3. Die Saat 141 ::: 4. Die Pflege 144 ::: 5. Die Ernte 147 :: 3. Der Topinambur 148 ::: Spielarten 148 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 148 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 148 ::: 3. Die Saat und Pflege 149 ::: 4. Die Ernte 149 :: 4. Die Runkelrübe 150 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 150 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 155 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 156 ::: 3. Die Saat 156 ::: 4. Die Pflege 158 ::: 5. Die Ernte 160 ::: 6. Die Rübenſamengewinnung 161 :: 5. Die Kohlrübe 162 ::: Spielarten 162 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 162 ::: 2. Die Saat 163 ::: 3. Die Pflege 163 ::: 4. Die Ernte 164 :: 6. Die Waſſerrübe 164 ::: Spielarten 164 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 166 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 166 ::: 3. Die Saat 167 ::: 4. Die Pflege 167 ::: 5. Die Ernte 168 :: 7. Die Paſtinake 168 :: 8. Die Möhre 169 ::: Spielarten 169 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 171 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 171 ::: 3. Die Saat 171 ::: 4. Die Pflege 172 ::: 5. Die Ernte 173 :: 9. Die Cichorie 173 :: 10. Der Kuhkohl 174 :: 11. Der Kopfkohl 175 ::: Spielarten 175 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 176 ::: 2. Die Saat 176 ::: 3. Die Ernte 177 : IX. Die Futterpflanzen. (Blatt- und Stengelcultur.) :: 1. Die Luzerne 179 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 179 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 179 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 180 ::: 3. Die Saat 181 ::: 4. Die Pflege 182 ::: 5. Die Ernte 183 :: 2. Die ſchwediſche Luzerne 184 :: 3. Die Sandluzerne 184 :: 4. Die Hopfenluzerne 184 :: 5. Der Rothklee 185 ::: Spielarten, Entwickelungsgeſchichte 185 ::: 1. Die Wachsthumsbedingungen 187 ::: 2. Die Vorfrucht und Vorbereitung 187 ::: 3. Die Saat 189 ::: 4. Die Pflege 189 ::: 5. Die Ernte 192 :: 6. Der Incarnatklee 193 :: 7. Der Weißklee 194 :: 8. Die Serradella 195 :: 9. Die Eſparſette 197 :: 10. Die Lupine 199 :: 11. Der Grünraps und Grünrübſen 201 :: 12. Der Spörgel 202 :: 13. Der Grünbuchweizen 203 :: 14. Das Grüngetreide 203 :: 15. Der Mohar 204 :: 16. Der Grünmais 206 :: 17. Das Kleegemenge und Kleegras 208 :: 18. Das Miſchfutter 216 : Anhang. X. :: Die Wieſen. ::: 1. Die Zuſammenſetzung der Grasnarbe 221 ::: 2. Die Entwäſſerung 228 ::: 3. Die Bewäſſerung 229 :::: Bewäſſerungsſyſteme 233 ::::: a) Die Staubewäſſerung 235 ::::: b) Der Hangbau 236 ::::: c) Der Rückenbau 238 ::::: d) Der natürliche Wieſenbau 240 ::::: e) Die Peterſen’ſche Drainbewäſſerung 241 :: 4. Die Düngung 244 :: 5. Die Verjüngung 246 :: 6. Die Pflege 248 :: 7. Die Ernte 250 : XI. Die Weiden. :: 1. Cultur der Weiden 251 :: 2. Ertrag der Weiden 252
der Weiden 251 :: 2. Ertrag der Weiden 252)
Spitteler 1920 + (Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort [ht …
Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/n9/mode/2up 3] <ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman;"> <li>C-Album [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/6/mode/2up 7], Pfauenauge [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/10/mode/2up 10], Blaues Ordensband [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/12/mode/2up 13], Hera [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/17/mode/2up 17], Sibylle [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/20/mode/2up 21]</li> <li>Mnemosyne [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/24/mode/2up 25], Trauermantel [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/28/mode/2up 28], Proserpina [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/30/mode/2up 30], Seidenspinner [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/30/mode/2up 31], Mariposa [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/32/mode/2up 33]</li> <li>Lucille [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/36/mode/2up 37], Distelfalter [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/40/mode/2up 40], Pfauenauge [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/42/mode/2up 42], Trauermantel [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/44/mode/2up 44], Segelfalter [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/46/mode/2up 46], Proserpina I [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/46/mode/2up 47], Proserpina II [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/48/mode/2up 48], Kamille [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/50/mode/2up 51], Schwalbenschwanz I [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/52/mode/2up 53], Schwalbenschwanz II [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/56/mode/2up 56]</li> <li>Mönch [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/60/mode/2up 61], Pfauenauge [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/62/mode/2up 63], Zitronenfalter I [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/64/mode/2up 65], Zitronenfalter II [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/66/mode/2up 66], Tau [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/66/mode/2up 67], Gemeiner Weißling I [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/68/mode/2up 69], Gemeiner Weißling II [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/70/mode/2up 70], Taubenschwanz [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/70/mode/2up 71], Satyr [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/74/mode/2up 74]</li> <li>Distelfalter [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/76/mode/2up 77], Aurora [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/82/mode/2up 82], Die Füchse [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/84/mode/2up 84]</li> <li>Blauvöglein [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/90/mode/2up 91], Segelfalter [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/94/mode/2up 95], Kaisermantel [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/100/mode/2up 100], Rotes Ordensband [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/102/mode/2up 103], Trauermantel (als Nachwort) [http://www.archive.org/stream/schmetterlingege00spituoft#page/n113/mode/2up 106]</li> </ol>
/n113/mode/2up 106]</li> </ol>)
Ricek 1981 + (Inhaltsübersicht 1. EINFÜHRUNG, …
Inhaltsübersicht 1. EINFÜHRUNG, S. 189 2. LISTE DER PFLANZEN UND IHRER MUNDARTLICHEN NAMEN, S. 196 a) Samen- und Gefäßsporenpflanzen, S. 196 b) Moose, S. 225 c) Flechten, S. 226 d) Pilze, S. 226 3. SCHLUSSWORT, S. 227 4. LITERATUR, S. 228
ORT, S. 227 4. LITERATUR, S. 228)
Zürcher & Schlaepfer 2014 + (Interest in the question of moon-related f …
Interest in the question of moon-related fluctuations in tree biology and physiology has been revived by recent experimental research, which could confirm the existence of real phenomena. In this context, previously published extensive data from germination tests on European Spruce using established standard devices, which appeared at the time to give negative results, has been analysed with the help of modern statistical tools. Slight but statistically significant lunar rhythmicities were revealed by this new analysis. One of these fluctuations is found in the germination rate from sowings shortly before Full Moon, compared to those shortly before New Moon.
compared to those shortly before New Moon.)
Plank 2010 + (Larval chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) …
Larval chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) were investigated to provide climate reconstruction tools using transfer functions and based on 52 lake samples from the Tibetan Plateau. Based on measured environmental variables an obvious electrical conductivity/salinity gradient from 0.015 to 130.0 mS · cm-1 was detected as the most influencing factor which can be used to reconstruct chironomid inferred salinities from lake sediment cores. Tested model types were: artificial neural networks (ANN), Bayesian, weighted averaging (WA), partial least squares (PLS), weighted averaging partial least squares (WAPLS), maximum likelihood (ML) and modern analogue technique (MAT). Performances of transfer models, tested by leave one out cross-validation, yield a maximum correlation value of r2LOOCV 0.762/0.764 with a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.475/0.473 mS · cm-1log 10 for ANN models with three or four hidden neurons and a learning rate of 0.01. For apparent models r2app. varies from 0.958 to 0.664 with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.200 up to 0.610 mS · cm-1log 10. Summarising all calculated transfer models with their summed error values and whether they yield balanced infer ed values of electrical conductivity a ranking can be stated as follows: Bayesian ≈ ANNneu=3/4-0.1/0.01 (with three or four hidden neurons and learning rates of 0.1 or 0.01) ≈ WAPLS-3 (with 3 components) > PLS-5 (5 components) ≳ WAcla+inv (classical/inverse) ≳ WA… tol (with tolerance downweighting) > W/MAT (weighted or unweighted) > ML. Sampling depth as a second important influencing factor detected by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) yields only week and unreliable transfer models with r2LOOCV = 0.475 and a RMSEP of 7.2 m. Furthermore the following measured environmental variables showed a statistical significant relationship in CCA for the benthic chironomid community: electrical conductivity, sampling depth, mean air temperature of October, mean precipitation of December, pH value and finally water area respectively in descending order of significance. To enhance the part of determination the Chironomidae Identification Program CHIP was developed that provides scientists a convenient way to organise all literature, references, images and descriptions of scientific publications related to Chironomidae. It uses interactive, flexible local websites and the free programming language PHP with MySQL as database engine with the possibility of further open-source development. Developed for larvae primarily, the program can be used to work with pupae and adults as well. Including also a tool that provides data for normalised elliptical Fourier outline analysis of black/white scanned images this analysis was tested on related taxa to Psectrocladius in separating outlines of menta. Thereby it can give a great advantage for determination as decisions can be made more objectively and it should also be able to detect halves of menta.
ld also be able to detect halves of menta.)
Hegi et al. Bd.4-3 Dicotyledones 1924 + (Leguminósae, Oxalidáceae, Geraniáceae, Tropaeoláceae)
Sagnes et al. 2008 + (Macroinvertebrates play a key role in loti …
Macroinvertebrates play a key role in lotic ecosystems, as fish prey and processors of organic material. Therefore, their hydraulic preferences have to be integrated in instream habitat models for ecological stream management. This study characterized physical habitat use in terms of shear velocity for the larvae of three Ephemeropteran (Ephoron virgo, Oligoneuriella rhenana, and Serratella ignita), two Trichopteran (Cheumatopsyche lepida and Hydropsyche exocellata) and one Dipteran species (Blepharicera fasciata) in a Mediterranean stream at a relatively low water discharge. O. rhenana, C. lepida, H. exocellata, and B. fasciata larvae were mainly found in high shear velocity conditions, whereas E. virgo and S. ignita larvae were found in low shear velocity conditions. Knowing that habitat preferences should vary during ontogenesis (with respect to changes in biological requirements and/or morphological abilities to withstand high flow, for example), our second objective was to characterize differences in the hydraulic habitat use (in terms of shear velocity) for different size classes of these six species. Larvae of H. exocellata and B. fasciata mainly colonized high shear velocity conditions and numerous individuals of these species also used medium shear velocity conditions, independent of size class. The use of high shear velocity conditions increased with larval size for C. lepida and O. rhenana, whilst the use of low shear velocity conditions increased for larger larvae of E. virgo and S. ignita. Various hypotheses are proposed to explain these different strategies of habitat use during ontogenesis. We point out the lack of knowledge about physical habitat shifts during the larval growth of freshwater invertebrates. These results highlight the interest to consider the respective habitat requirements of different size classes of invertebrates in instream habitat models. Population bottlenecks should be overcome if hydraulic conditions are kept suitable for all size classes by stream managers.
e for all size classes by stream managers.)
Cervellati et al. 2004 + (Members of Polygalaceae are known to conta …
Members of Polygalaceae are known to contain a variety of different polyphenolic compounds such as xanthones, flavonoids, and biphenyl derivatives. Here, we report the isolation and structural characterization of two new phenol derivatives, named alpestrin (=3,3′,5′‐trimethoxy[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐ol; 10) and alpestriose A (=6‐O‐benzoyl‐1‐O‐{6‐O‐acetyl‐3‐O‐[(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enoyl]‐β‐D‐fructofuranosyl}‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside; 11), and of four known compounds (12–15) from the MeOH extract of Polygala alpestris. The relative in vitro antioxidant activities of these compounds, in comparison with other phenolic substances from Polygala vulgaris, were evaluated by means of the Briggs—Rauscher (BR) oscillating reaction, a method based on the inhibitory effects of antioxidant free‐radical scavengers. The experimental antioxidant‐activity values (relative to resorcinol as a standard) were compared with those calculated on the basis of the bond‐dissociation enthalpies. The structure/activity relationships for the compounds examined are also discussed.
the compounds examined are also discussed.)
Christ 1791b + (Mit LX. ausgemalten Kupfertafeln, und einem ausgemalten Titelkupfer.)
Fischer et al. 2005 + (Mit diesem Bestimmungsbuch lassen sich all …
Mit diesem Bestimmungsbuch lassen sich alle Pflanzen der im Titel genannten drei Länder bestimmen, und zwar nicht nur die wildwachsenden (einschließlich der Unbeständigen / Ephemerophyten), sondern auch die häufig land- und forstwirtschaftlich sowie gärtnerisch kultivierten Farnpflanzen und Samenpflanzen (Blütenpflanzen), somit alle Gehölze, Stauden, Kräuter und Gräser. — Erfasst sind auch die bisher bekannten Kleinarten von ''Ranunculus auricomus'' agg. / Gold-Hahnenfuß und der Brombeeren / ''Rubus'' subg. ''Rubus'' sowie die Zwischenarten der Gattung ''Hieracium'' / Habichtskraut.
der Gattung ''Hieracium'' / Habichtskraut.)
Fuentes-Bazan et al. 2012 + (Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the sub …
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae), with the addition of matK/trnK sequences to an existing trnL-F data set, indicates that Chenopodium as traditionally recognised consists of six independent lineages. One of these, the Dysphania-Teloxys clade, had already been recognised previously as a separate tribe Dysphanieae. Of the five others, Chenopodium is here re-defined in a narrow sense so as to be monophyletic. The C. polyspermum, C. rubrum and C. murale clades are successive sisters of a lineage constituted by Atripliceae s.str. plus Chenopodium s.str. Consequently, the long forgotten genera Lipandra (for C. polyspermum) and Oxybasis (for C. rubrum and relatives) are revived, and the new genus Chenopodiastrum (for C. murale and relatives) is published. The afore-mentioned five clades, taken together, are a monophylum corresponding to an enlarged tribe Atripliceae (a name that has priority over Chenopodieae). Last, the linnaean genus Blitum (for C. capitatum and relatives), enlarged to include C. bonus-henricus, is the sister group of Spinacia in the tribe Anserineae (a name that has priority over Spinacieae). The aromatic species of Dysphania, the related genus Teloxys, as well as Cyclocoma and Suckleya form the enlarged tribe Dys phanieae. Building upon phylogenetic results, the present study provides a modern classification for a globally distributed group of plants that had suffered a complex taxonomic history due to divergent interpretation of single morphological characters for more than two hundred years. The seven genera among which the species traditionally assigned to Chenopodium are now distributed are defined morphologically and keyed out; for four of them (Blitum, Chenopodiastrum, Lipandra, Oxybasis) the component species and subspecies are enumerated and the necessary nomenclatural transfers are effected.
sary nomenclatural transfers are effected.)
Jennersten 1984 + (Nectar plant utilization by butterflies wa …
Nectar plant utilization by butterflies was compared with the abundance of flowering plants on some SW Swedish meadows. The transportation of pollen grains by individual butterflies was analysed using a scanning electron microscope. For the majority of plant species, butterflies were of minor importance as pollinators. Some flowers with protruding sexual organs, e.g. ''Knautia arvensis'', when heavily utilized by butterflies, might also be pollinated by these. For ''Dianthus deltoides'' and ''Viscaria vulgaris'', butterfly pollination was found to be important. Several butterfly species, e.g. ''Plebicula amanda'', visited legumes regularly. In spite of this, legume pollen was rarely transported by the butterflies. This suggests these butterflies act as nectar robbers among the legumes. ---- Die Nutzung von Nektarpflanzen durch Schmetterlinge wurde mit der Abundanz von Blütenpflanzen auf einigen südwestlichen schwedischen Wiesen verglichen. Der Transport von Pollenkörnern durch einzelne Schmetterlinge wurde mit einem Rasterelektronenmikroskop analysiert. Für die meisten Pflanzenarten waren Schmetterlinge als Bestäuber von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Einige Blüten mit herausstehenden Geschlechtsorganen, z.B. ''Knautia arvensis'', können bei starker Nutzung durch Schmetterlinge auch von diesen bestäubt werden. Für ''Dianthus deltoides'' und ''Viscaria vulgaris'' wurde die Schmetterlingsbestäubung als wichtig erachtet. Mehrere Schmetterlingsarten, wie z.B. ''Plebicula amanda'', besuchten regelmäßig Leguminosen. Trotzdem wurde der Leguminosenpollen selten von den Schmetterlingen transportiert. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass diese Schmetterlinge als Nektarräuber zwischen den Leguminosen fungieren. (Übersetzt mit Hilfe www.DeepL.com/Translator)
rsetzt mit Hilfe www.DeepL.com/Translator))
Osman et al. - Foodborne Infections and Intoxications - 2013 + (Notes: The majority of plant species in th …
Notes: The majority of plant species in the world are not edible, largely owing to the existence of toxins they produce. The process of domestication has diminished the levels of these toxic compounds over time, so the plant foods we consume today are far less toxic than their wild parents. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are the principal plant metabolites that pose a serious health threat to humans via foodborne plant intoxication. The main source of exposure to PAs is consumption of grains and bread that have become contaminated. Other sources such as milk, eggs, honey, and salad greens are less commonly implicated in human disease. PAs are particularly abundant in three plant families, namely Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Boraginaceae. The major health risk of PA intoxication is the development of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). PAs may also be associated with severe adverse effects including carcinogenic, genotoxic, teratogenic, and pneumotoxic reactions. Because they are present in limited amounts or have low potency, and because of advanced processing techniques in detoxification, plant toxins other than PAs do not at present pose a large threat to human health.
esent pose a large threat to human health.)
Long 1917 + (OCR: PREFACE As in the case of a previou …
OCR: PREFACE As in the case of a previous volume. Common Weeds of the Farm and Garden, the preparation of this handbook was undertaken because of the great lack of readily available and rehable information on the subject in Enghsh scientific literature. Many of the facts were known to a few interested persons, but many others were so scattered here and there in technical reports and journals that they were scarcely known even to expert chemists and botanists. The bringing of this information together in some sort of order has involved considerable labour extending over several years, but if the volume be found helpful to those for whose use it has been prepared I shall feel more than gratified. That the subject is of importance is fully reahsed by farmers and veterinary surgeons ahke, for the annual loss of stock due to poisonous plants, though not ascertainable, is undoubtedly considerable. It was felt that notes on mechanical injury caused by plants and on the influence of plants on milk might usefully be included, as in some degree related to poisoning; this has therefore been done. On the other hand, a number of cultivated plants {e.g. Rhus, Wistaria) which are poisonous have not been included because exotic and hardly Hkely to be eaten by stock. Fungi generally also find no place in the volume, as they are suflS.ciently extensive" to deserve a volume to themselves, and are far less readily identified than flowering plants. The dividing Une between plants which are actually poisonous and those which are only suspected is far from clear, but a division was considered desirable for the convenience of the reader, and an endeavour has been made to give a sound but brief statement as to the present information on plants poisonous to live stock in the United Kingdom, with symptoms, toxic principles, and a hst of the more important references to the bibhography in relation to each plant included in Chapters ii to vi (the numbers corresponding with the numbers in the Bibhography). Regarding symptoms it is to be regretted that in many cases they appear to be the result of injections of the toxic extracts, and not observations made after natural poisoning by ingestion of the plants. Further, there may frequently be doubt as to the identification of the plant suspected of causing poisoning; indeed, in some cases it is possible that the identification rests on the veterinary surgeon or the stockman thinking a certain plant is the cause. The most complete and systematic account of European poisonous plants is that of Comevin (1887), and references to poisonous plants in the ordinary literature are heavily indebted to him. In so far as the toxic principles of the plants are concerned, however, his book is in many instances no longer reliable. The chemical formulae, quoted for the use of students and research workers, have been checked by consulting works by the following authors, the reference to the bibliography being given in brackets: Henry (128), Dunstan (76), Allen (4), Haas and Hill (114), Thorpe (240), Van Rijn (252), Robert (161), Esser (81), and Beilstein (16). Apart from the literature consulted I desire to acknowledge my great indebtedness to the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries for kind permission to make use of official records; to Mr F. W. Garnett, M.R.C.V.S., for kindly reading the proofs from the veterinary standpoint; to very many Experiment Stations, State Departments of Agriculture, and other authorities in Australasia, America and the Continent of Europe, for assistance given and literature sent; to Sir David Prain and members of the staff at Kew for much friendly advice, and aid in consulting the Kew Ubrary; to Sir James Dobbie for permission to spend some time at the Government Laboratories to consult certain volumes; to Mr T. H. Middleton, C.B., Dr E. J. Russell, Professor W. Somerville, Sir Stewart Stockman, Professor T. B. Wood, and others, for information and many helpful suggestions ; to my friend Mr W. A. Whatmough, B.Sc. (Lond.), for many sugges- tions and kindly reading the proofs; and to my colleague Mr W. R. Black for invaluable help in preparing notes, checking data and reading proofs. To all these, and many others who are not mentioned by name, I tender my sincere thanks. For any shortcomings I crave the indulgence of my readers, only requesting that they be friendly enough to spare a moment to call my attention thereto. H. C. LONG. SURBITON, October, 1916.
. H. C. LONG. SURBITON, October, 1916.)
Artschwager & Smiley 1921 + (PREFACE: The work of the Great rests upon …
PREFACE: The work of the Great rests upon the accumulated labor of an obscure host of patient and painstaking workers. — Yoffa. Readers of foreign botanical literature have for a long time felt the need of an accurate translation of technical terms which are not commonly found in our dictionaries. In the following compilation the editors have attempted to supply this need. The foundation of the work rests on Schneider's Illustriertes Handwörterhuch der Botanik. Many terms, however, have been taken from other dictionaries, as well as textbooks and current literature. French and German terms of Latin or Greek origin have been omitted whenever the English equivalent would practical have been only a repetition. For such terms as are included in this dictionary the exact English equivalents have been sought. In numerous instances, however, the lack of such has made it necessary to furnish an explanation of the foreign term rather than a translation. The list of plant names includes important economic plants, farm weeds, and the Latin equivalents for the larger plant groups. The editors, so far from attempting a complete compilation of French and German botanical terms, have aimed only at the production of a practical handbook, accurate within the limits set for it. To make it possible for owners of the volume to amplify the list of terms and names given, the publishers have interleaved blank pages, and it is hoped that this will prove valuable for those who use the book.
prove valuable for those who use the book.)
Hayne - Getreue Darstellung Arzneykunde Gewächse 01 - 1805 + (REGISTER DES ERSTEN BANDES. Actaea spica …
REGISTER DES ERSTEN BANDES. Actaea spicata - - I. 14. Adonis vernalis - - I. 11. Aesculus Hippocastanum - - - I. 42. Aethusa Cynapium - - - - I. 35. Anchusa officinalis - - - I. 25. Anemone Hepatica - - - - I. 21. Anemone memorosa - - - - I. 24. Anemone pratensis - - - I. 23. Anemone Pulsatilla - - - I. 22. Anthemis arvensis - - - I. 5. Anthemis Cotula - - - I. 6. Asarum enropaeum - - - - I. 44. Astrantia major - - - I. 13. Atropa Belladonna - - - - I. 43. Balsamita vulgaris - - - II. 5. Berberis vulgaris - - - I. 41. Bonplandia trifoliata - - I. 18. Caucalis Anthriscus - - - - 1. 35. Chaeropbylium bulbosum - - - I. 32 Chaeropbylium sylvestre - - - I. 33. Chaeropbylium temulum - - - I. 34. Chironia Centaurium - - - I. 29 Chironia inaperta - - I. 30. Chrysanthemum inodorum - - I. 4. Cicuta virosa - - - I. 37. Conium maeulatum — - - - I. 31. Cynoglossum officinale - - - I. 26. Digitalis purpurea — - - I 45. Echium vulgare - - - I. 27. Helleborus foetidus - - . . I. 10. Helleborus niger altifolius - - - I. 8. Helleborus niger humilifolius - - I. 7. Helleborus orientalis - - - - I. 2. Helleborus viridis - - - I. 9. Hyoscyamus niger - - - I. 28. Lactuca Scariola - - - I. 46. Lactuca virosa - - - I. 47. Matricaria Chamomilla - - - I. 3. Phellandrium aquaticum - - - I. 40. Sedum acre - - - I- 15. Sedum sexangulare - - - — I. 16. Semecarpus Anacarditun - - - I. 1. Sium angustifolium - - - - I. 39, Sium latifolium - - I. 38. Sonchus oleraceus - - I. 48. Strychnos Nux vomica - - - I. 17. Swietenia- febrifuga - - - I. 20. Swietenia Mahagoni - - - - I. 19. Trollius europaeus - - - I. 12. <div></div>
paeus - - - I. 12. <div></div>)
Hayne - Getreue Darstellung Arzneykunde Gewächse 02 - 1809 + (REGISTER DES ZWEYTEN BANDES. Agrimonia e …
REGISTER DES ZWEYTEN BANDES. Agrimonia eupatoria - - - - II. 19. Alsine media - - - II. 47. Althaea officinalis - - - II. 25. Althaea rosea - - - II. 26. Anagallis arvensis - - II. 45. Anagallis coerulea - - - II. 46. Arctium bardana - - - II. 36. Arctium lappa - - - II. 35. Artemisia absinthium - - - II. 11. Artemisia campestris - - II. 9. Artemisia pontica - - II. 10 Artemisia vulgaris - - - II. 12. Cichorium intybus - - - - II. 24 Eryngium campestre - - - II. 1. Erysimum offcinale - - - II. 13. Euphorbia cyparissias - - - II. 22. Euphorbia esula - - II. 21. Euphorbia hilioscopia - - - II. 20. Euphorbia palustris - - - - II. 23. Glechoma hederacea - - - II. 8. Leontodon taraxacum - - - II. 4. Lichnis dioica - - - II. 3. Lonicera caprifolium - - - II. 37. Lonicera periclymenum - - - II. 38. Malva alcea - - - II- 30. Malva mauritiana - - - II. 29 Malva rotundifolia - - - II. 27. Malva sylvestris - - - II. 28. Parnassia palustris - - - II. 42. Pulmonaria angustifolia - - - II. 43. Raphanus raphanistrum - - - II. 15. Saponaria officinalis - - - - II. 2. Saponaria officinalis - - - II. 44. Sinapis arvensis - - II. 14. Solanum dulcamara - - - - II. 39 Solanum nigrum - - II. 40. Solanum villosum — - - II. 41. Tanacetum vulgare - - - - II. 6 Tormentilla erecta - - - II. 48. Trifolium kochianum - - - II. 34. Trifolium officinale - - - - II. 31. Trifolium petitpierreanum - - - II. 33. Trifolium vulgare - - - II. 32. Tussilago farfara - - - II. 16. Tussilago petasites foemina - II. 18. Tussilago petasites hermaphrodita - II. 17. Vaccinium myrtillus - - - II. 7. <div></div>
illus - - - II. 7. <div></div>)
Penev et al. 2011 + (Scholarly publishing and citation practice …
Scholarly publishing and citation practices have developed largely in the absence of versioned documents. The digital age requires new practices to combine the old and the new. We describe how the original published source and a versioned wiki page based on it can be reconciled and combined into a single citation reference. We illustrate the citation mechanism by way of practical examples focusing on journal and wiki publishing of taxon treatments. Specifically, we discuss mechanisms for permanent cross-linking between the static original publication and the dynamic, versioned wiki, as well as for automated export of journal content to the wiki, to reduce the workload on authors, for combining the journal and the wiki citation and for integrating it with the attribution of wiki contributors.
with the attribution of wiki contributors.)
Oostermeijer 1989 + (Seed dispersal by ants in Polyga …
Seed dispersal by ants in Polygala vulgaris, Luzula campestris and Viola curtisii was studied in a primary dune valley on the island of Terschelling, The Netherlands. Normally developed seeds of all three species are taken by the ants into their nests. The ants show a distinct preference for the seeds of the specialized myrmecochore Polygala vulgaris, as compared with the two diplochorous species. It could be demonstrated that the elaiosome is the attractive part of the seed. Mapping studies demonstrate that the dispersal of the seeds by ants has a marked effect on the distribution pattern of the standing population of Polygala and Viola. Adult plants are often found on or close to the active nest mounds of all ant species present, while the growing sites of juvenile individuals and seedlings are practically restricted to the nest environment. The nests of two of the seed-dispersing ant species, viz., those of Lasius niger and Tetramorium caespitum, show differences in soil chemistry with the surroundings. The ant nests are significantly richer in some essential plant macronutrients, such as phosphate, potassium and nitrate. The advantage of myrmecochory in the dune area of Terschelling is discussed.
he dune area of Terschelling is discussed.)
Buttler & Hand 2008 + (Seit dem Erscheinen der letzten deutschen …
Seit dem Erscheinen der letzten deutschen Florenliste für Farnund Samenpflanzen im Jahr 1998 haben sich zahlreiche Änderungen ergeben: Erstnachweise, Streichungen und Neubeschreibungen von Sippen, taxonomische Neubewertungen und nomenklatorische Änderungen. Das neue Verzeichnis listet alle in Deutschland etablierten Sippen (Indigene, Archäophyten, Neophyten) der Rangstufen Art und Unterart auf sowie eine Auswahl an Synonymen. Akzeptiert werden 4165 Sippen. Die Kriterien für etablierte Neophyten wurden geringfügig modifiziert. Durch den Bezug zum „Kritischen Band“ der Rothmaler-Exkursionsflora ist im Gegensatz zu früheren Florenlisten eine eindeutige taxonomische Verknüpfung hergestellt; Abweichungen werden kommentiert. Eine Reihe taxonomisch kritischer Taxa wurde von Spezialisten bearbeitet.
er Taxa wurde von Spezialisten bearbeitet.)
Kołodziejska-Degórska 2012 + (Since Local Environmental Knowledge (LEK) …
Since Local Environmental Knowledge (LEK) stems from numerous sources and is learned and transmitted variously, it is highly heterogeneous. One of the reasons for its heterogeneity is a fact that transmission routes and patterns depend mainly on different sources, such as personal experience, influence of others as well as books and media. The objective of this article is to show how useful the idea of mental herbal might be in deep, complex and contextualized description of heterogeneous structure of LEK on the example of Polish minority members in a village Pojana Miculi (Rom. Poiana Micului) – South Bukovina, Romania. The whole body of skills, practice and knowledge of plants held by a particular person is defined here as the mental herbal. Mental herbal approach implies focusing on the particular holders of LEK – their stories, perceptions, everyday practices, considering the environment, and the context, in which LEK functions.
, and the context, in which LEK functions.)

Berendes & Bingen - Die Physica der heiligen Hildegard - 1898 + (Sonder-Abdruck aus: Pharmaceutische Post. 1896 u. 1897)

Turner 1877 + (Teile aus dem Inhalt (unkorrigierte Comput …
Teile aus dem Inhalt (unkorrigierte Computer-Texterkennung) : ACACIA (ROSE)—Friendship (page 1) : ADDER’S TONGUE—Deceit (page 2) : ADONIS—Sorrowful remembrances (page 3) : AGERATUM—Politeness (page 4) : AGRIMONY—Thankfulness (page 5) : AILANTUS—Lofty aspirations (page 6) : ALMOND—Despair (page 7) : ALOE—Grief (page 8) : ALOYSIA—Forgiveness (page 9) : ALYSSUM—Merit before beauty (page 10) : AMARANTH—Immortality (page 11) : AMARANTH (GLOBE)—I change -not (page 12) : AMARYLLIS—Pride (page 13) : AMERICAN ARBOR VITAE—Thine till death (page 14) : AMERICAN ELM—Patriotism (page 15) : AMERICAN LINDEN—Matrimony (page 16) : ANDROMEDA (MARSH)—Bound by fate (page 17) : ANEMONE—Anticipation (page 18) : ANGELICA—Inspiration (page 19) : APOCYNUM—Falsehood (page 20) : APPLE BLOSSOM—Preference (page 21) : APRICOT—Temptation (page 22) : ARBUTUS—Simplicity (page 23) : ARETHUSA—Fear (page 24) : ARISTOLOCHIA—Prodigality (page 25) : ARNICA—Let me heal thy grief (page 26) : ASCLEPIAS—Conquer your love (page 27) : ASH—Grandeur (page 28) : ASPARAGUS—Emulation (page 29) : ASPEN—Excessive sensibility page 30 : ASPHODEL—Remembered beyond the tomb (page 31) : ASTER—Cheerfulness in old age (page 32) : AURICULA—Painting (page 33) : AZALEA—Temperance (page 34) : BACCHARIS—Intoxication (page 35) : BACHELOR’S BUTTON—Single blessedness (page 36) : BALM (MOLUCCA)—You excite my curiosity (page 37) : BALM (SWEET)—Charms (page 38) : BALM (WILD)—I value your sympathy (page 39) : BALM OF GILEAD—Sympathetic feeling (page 40) : BALSAMINE—Im patience (page 41) : BARTONIA (GOLDEN)—Does he possess riches? page 42 : BASIL (SWEET)—Good wishes (page 43) : BAYBERRY—I respect thy tears (page 44) : BEECH—Lovers’ tryst (page 45) : BEGONIA—Deformity (page 46) : BELLFLOWER—A constant heart (page 47) : BERBERRY—A sour disposition (page 48) : BIRCH—E1egance (page 49) : BLACK HOARHOUND—I reject you (page 50) : BLADDERNUT—A trifling character (page 51) : BORAGE—Abruptness (page 52) : BOUNCING BESS—Intrusion (page 53) : Box—Stoicism (page 54) : BROOM—Humility (page 55) : BROOM CORN—Labor (page 56) : BROWALLIA—Can you bear poverty? page 57 : BUGLOSS—Hypocrisy (page 58) : BULRUSH—Indecision (page 59) : BURDOCK—Proximity undesirable (page 60) : BUTTERCUP—Distrust (page 61) : BUTTERFLY ORCHIS—Gaiety (page 62) : CACALIA—Adulation (page 63) : CACTUS (NIGHT-BL00M1NG)—Transient beauty page 64 : CACTUS (SNAKE)—You terrify me (page 65) : CALCEOLARIA—Novelty (page 66) : CALLA LILY—Feminine beauty (page 67) : CALYCANTHUS—Benevolence (page 68) : CAMELLIA—Perfect loveliness (page 69) : CANARY GRASS—Perseverance (page 70) : CANDYTUET—Architecture (page 71) : CANTERBURY BELLS—Gratitude (page 72) : CARDAMINE—Infatuation (page 73) : CARDINAL FLOWER—Preferment (page 74) : CARNATION—Contempt (page 75) : CATCHFLY—I am thy prisoner (page 76) : CEDAR (RED)—I live for thee (page 77) : CELANDINE—Future happiness (page 78) : CHAMOMILE—Mercy (page 79) : CHESTNUT—Deceptive appearances (page 80) : CHICKWEED—Star of my existence (page 81) : CHICORY—Prudent economy (page 82) : CHINA ASTER (DOUBLE)—Bounty (page 83) : CHINA ASTER (SINGLE)—I will think of it (page 84) : CHRYSANTHEMUM—Slighted affections (page 85) : CINERARIA—Always delightful (page 86) : CITRON—Marriage (page 87) : CLIANTHUS—Glorious beauty (page 88) : CLOTBUR—Detraction (page 89) : CLOVER—Industry (page 90) : COBAEA—Gossip (page 91) : COCKSCOMB—Foppery (page 92) : COLUMBINE—Folly (page 93) : COREOPSIS—Happy at all times (page 94) : CORIANDER—Merit (page 95) : CORN COCKLE—Worth above beauty (page 96) : CORONILLA—Success crown your wishes (page 97) : COTTON PLANT—Greatness (page 98) : CRANBERRY—Hardihood (page 99) : CRAPE MYRTLE—Eloquence (page 100) : CROCUS (SPRING)—Cheerfulness (page 101) : CROWN IMPERIAL—Imperial power (page 102) : CUPHEA—Impatience (page 103) : CURRANT—You please all (page 104) : CYCLAMEN—Difiidence (page 105) : CYPRESS—Sorrow (page 106) : DAFFODIL—Chivalry (page 107) : DAHLIA—Dignity (page 108) : DAISY—Innocence and beauty (page 109) : DANDELION—Youthful recollections (page 110) : DAPHNE—Sweets to the sweet (page 111) : DARNEL—Vice (page 112) : DAY LILY—Coquetry (page 113) : DEADLY NIGHTSHADE—Death (page 114) : DODDER—Baseness (page 115) : DOGWOOD—Honesty true nobility (page 116) : DRAGON’S CLAW—Danger (page 117) : DWARF PINK—Innocence (page 118) : DYER’S WEED—Design (page 119) : EBENASTER—Night (page 120) : EGLANTINE—Home (page 121) : ELDER—Zeal (page 122) : ENCHANTER’S NIGHTSHADE—Sorcery (page 123) : ENDIVE—Medicine (page 124) : ENGLISH Moss—Fortitude (page 125) : ESCALLONIA—Opinion (page 126) : ETERNAL FLOWER—Eternity (page 127) : EUPATORIUM—Delay (page 128) : EUPHORBIA—Reproof (page 129) : EUTOCA—A Gift (page 130) : EYEBRIGHT—Your eyes are bewitching (page 131) : FENNEL—Worthy all praise (page 132) : FENNEL FLOWER—Artifice (page 133) : FERN (WALKING)—Curiosity (page 134) : FEVERFEW—Beneficence (page 135) : FIR BALSAM—Hea1th (page 136) : FLAx—Domestic industry (page 137) : FLOWER-OE-AN-HOUR—Trifling beauty (page 138) : FOUR-O’CLOCK—Time (page 139) : FOXGLOVE—De1irium (page 140) : FRITILLARIA—Persecution (page 141) : FUCHSIA—Grace (page 142) : GENTIAN—Intrinsic worth (page 143) : GERANIUM—Confidence (page 144) : GLADIOLUS—Ready armed (page 145) : GLOBE FLOWER—Fancy (page 146) : GOURD—Extent (page 147) : GRASS—Utility (page 148) : GROUND IVY—Enjoyment (page 149) : GROUND PINE—Complaint (page 150) : GUM TREE—Enthusiasm (page 151) : HAWKWEED—Quick-sightedness (page 152) : HEATH—Solitude (page 153) : HELENIUM—Tears (page 154) : HELIOTROPE—Devotion (page 155) : HELLEBORE—Calumny (page 156) : HEMP—Fate (page 157) : HoLLYHOCK—Ambition (page 158) : HOLLY—Foresight (page 159) : HONESTY—Honesty (page 160) : HONEYSUCKLE—Bonds of love (page 161) : HOP—Injustice (page 162) : HORSE CHESTNUT—Luxury (page 163) : HOUSELEEK—Vivacity (page 164) : HOYA—Sculpture (page 165) : HYACINTH—Jealousy (page 166) : HYDRANGEA—Boasting (page 167) : HYSSOP—Purificati0n (page 168) : ICE PLANT—Formality (page 169) : INDIAN MALLow—Estimation (page 170) : IPOMmA—Attachment (page 171) : IPOMOPSIS—Suspense (page 172) : IRIS—A messenger (page 173) : IVY—Lasting friendship (page 174) : JASMINE (WHITE)—Amiability (page 175) : JUNIPER—Asylum (page 176) : JUSTICIA—Female loveliness (page 177) : KENNEDYA—Mental beauty (page 178) : LADY'S SLIPPER—Fickleness (page 179) : LAKE-FLOWER—Retil‘el‘nent (page 180) : LANTANA—Rigor (page 181) : LARKSPUR—Levity (page 182) : LAUREL—Glory (page 183) : LAURESTINE—I die if neglected (page 184) : LAVENDER—Confession (page 185) : LEMON BLOSSOM—Discretion (page 186) : LETTUCE—Cold-hearted (page 187) : LILAC—Awakening love (page 188) : LILY—Purity (page 189) : LILY OF THE VALLEY—Return of happiness (page 190) : LION’S HEART—Bravery (page 191) : LOASA—Pleasure (page 192) : LOBELIA—Malevolence (page 193) : LOCUST—Vicissitude (page 194) : LOPHOSPERMUM—Ecstasy (page 195) : LUPINE—Voraciousness (page 196) : MAGNOLIA—Love of nature (page 197) : MALLOW—Goodness (page 198) : MAPLE (ROCK)—Reserve (page 199) : MARIGOLD—Cruelty (page 200) : MARJORAM (SWEET)—Blushes (page 201) : MATTHIOLA—Promptitude (page 202) : MAURANDIA—Courtesy (page 203) : MAYWEED—Rumor (page 204) : MEDICK—Agriculture (page 205) : MELILOT—Philanthropy (page 206) : MERMAID WEED—Necessity (page 207) : MIGNONETTE—Your qualities surpass your charms (page 208) : MINT—Virtue (page 209) : MISTLETOE—Obstacles to be overcome (page 210) : MONKSHOOD—Knight-errantry (page 211) : MORNING GLORY—Repose (page 212) : MOURNING BRIDE—Unfortunate attachment (page 213) : MULLEIN—Good nature (page 214) : MUSK PLANT—A meeting (page 215) : MUSTARD—Indifference (page 216) : MYRTLE—Love (page 217) : NASTURTIUM—Heroism (page 218) : NEMOPHILA—Prosperity (page 219) : NETTLE—Slander (page 220) : OAK—Honor (page 221) : OATS—Country life (page 222) : OLEANDER—Beware (page 223) : OLEASTER—Providence (page 224) : OLIVE—Peace (page 225) : ORANGE—Chastity (page 226) : ORCHIS—A belle (page 227) : OSIER (BASKET)—Frankness (page 228) : OSMUNDA—Dreams (page 229) : OXALIS—Parental affection (page 230) : PonNY—Shame (page 231) : PARSLEY—Festivity (page 232) : PASSION FLOWER—Holy love (page 233) : PEA (SWEET)—Departure (page 234) : PEACH BLOSSOM—I am your captive (page 235) : PENTSTEMON—High-bred (page 236) : PERIWINKLE—Early friendship (page 237) : PERSIMMON—Amid nature’s beauties (page 238) : PETUNIA—Keep your promises (page 239) : PHASEOLUS—Opportunity (page 240) : PHLOX—Unanimity (page 241) : PIMPERNEL—Mirth (page 242) : PINE—Philosophy (page 243) : PITCHER PLANT—Instinct (page 244) : PLUMBAGO—Meekness with dignity (page 245) : POINSETTIA—Brilliancy (page 246) : POMEGRANATE—Lightning (page 247) : POPPY (OPIUM)—Sleep (page 248) : PORTULACA—Variety (page 249) : POTENTILLA—Beloved daughter (page 250) : PRIMROSE—Youth (page 251) : PRIVET—Defense (page 252) : QUEEN OF THE MEADOW—Praise (page 253) : QUEEN OF THE PRAIRIE—Nobility (page 254) : QUINCE—Allurement (page 255) : RAGGED ROBIN—Wit (page 256) : RANUNCULUS—Ingratitude (page 257) : RHODORA—Beauty in retirement (page 258) : ROCKET—Rivalry (page 259) : ROSE (AUSTRIAN)—Loveliness (page 260) : ROSEBAY—Talking (page 261) : ROSE (DAMASK)—Blushing beauty (page 262) : ROSE-LEAVED RUBUS—Threats (page 263) : ROSEMARY—Remembrance (page 264) : ROSE (MUSK)—Charms (page 265) : ROSE (WHITE)—Secrecy (page 266) : RUDBECKIA—Justice (page 267) : RUE—Repentance (page 268) : SAGE—Domestic virtue (page 269) : SALVIA—Energy (page 270) : SARSAPARILLA—Experience (page 271) : SASSAFRAS—Favor (page 272) : SENSITIVE PLANT—Bashful modesty (page 273) : SHAMROCK—Light-heartedness (page 274) : SNAPDRAGON—Presumption (page 275) : SNOWBALL—Thoughts of heaven (page 276) : SNOWDROP—Consolation (page 277) : SNOWDROP TREE—Exhilaration (page 278) : SOUTHERNWOOD—Jesting (page 279) : SPEEDWELL—Female fidelity (page 280) : SPIDERWORT—Transient happiness (page 281) : SPIKENARD—Benefits (page 282) : SPRUCE—Farewell (page 283) : STAPELIA—Offense (page 284) : STAR FLOWER—Reciprocity (page 285) : STAR OF BETHLEHEM—Reconciliation (page 286) : STRAWBERRY—Perfect goodness (page 287) : SUMACH—Splendor (page 288) : SUMMER SAVORY—Success (page 289) : SUNFLOWER—Lofty thoughts (page 290) : SWEET FLAG—Fitness, I page 291 : SWEET POTATO—Hidden qualities (page 292) : SWEET SULTAN—Felicity (page 293) : SWEET WILLIAM—Stratagem (page 294) : SYCAMORE—Woodland beauty (page 295) : SYRINGA—Memory (page 296) : TANSY—Resistance (page 297) : TEASEL—Misanthropy (page 298) : THISTLE—Austerity (page 299) : THORN—Difficulty (page 300) : THORN APPLE—Deceitful charms (page 301) : THRIFT—Sympathy (page 302) : TIGER FLOWER—Pride befriend me (page 303) : TRUMPET FLOWER—Fame (page 304) : TUBEROSE—Voluptuousness (page 305) : TULIP—Declaration of love (page 306) : TUSSILAGO—Justice to you (page 307) : VALERIAN—Obliging disposition (page 308) : VENUS’s FLY-TRAP—Deceit (page 309) : VENUS’S LOOKING-GLASS—Flattery (page 310) : VERBENA—Sensibility (page 311) : VIOLET—Modesty (page 312) : VIRGIN’S BOWER—Filial affection (page 313) : WALLFLOWER—Fidelity in misfortune (page 314) : WALNUT—Intellect (page 315) : WATER LILY—Eloquence (page 316) : WEEPING WILLOW—Melancholy (page 317) : WHEAT—Riches (page 318) : WHITE WALNUT—Understanding (page 319) : WINTER CHERRY—Deception (page 320) : WITCH HAZEL—Witchery (page 321) : WORMWOOD—Absence (page 322) : YARROW—War (page 323) : YEW—Sorrow (page 324) : YUCCA—Authority (page 325) : ZINNIA—Thoughts in absence (page 326)
5) : ZINNIA—Thoughts in absence (page 326))
Johnson 1998 + (The CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference contain …
The CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference contains almost 30,000 concise ethnobotanical monographs of plant species characteristics and an inventory of claimed attributes and historical uses by cultures throughout the world-the most ambitious attempt to date to inventory plants on a global scale and match botanical information with historical and current uses.To obtain the same information about any species listed, you would have to thumb through hundreds of herbal guides, ethnobotanical manuals, and regional field guides. Sources for this index include the three largest U.S. Government ethnobotany databases, the U.S. National Park Service NPFlora plant inventory lists, and 18 leading works on the subject.
ists, and 18 leading works on the subject.)
Graeme et al. 2011 + (The Western Herbal Tradition provides a co …
The Western Herbal Tradition provides a comprehensive and critical exploration of the use of plant medicines through 2000 years of history from Dioscorides to the present day. It follows each of the 27 herbs through a wide range of key sources from European, Arabic and American traditions including Greek, Roman and Renaissance texts. A rich discussion of the historical texts is balanced with current application and research. The herbs have been selected on the basis of common use by practising herbalists. Each illustrated monograph contains: Species, identification and botanical description A study of the characterisation and medicinal use of the plants consistently drawn from featured herbals which includes the authors₂ own translations from the Latin Assessment of past and current texts in the transmission of herbal knowledge Consideration of traditional therapeutics, including humoral and physiomedical approaches Suggestions towards a modern experiential approach through Goethean methodology Current evidence on pharmacological constituents Review of evidence on safety Recommendations for internal and external uses, prescribing and dosage Excellent illustrations accompany each monograph to aid learning First book to cover broader historical perspective and discussions of issues surrounding each herb Written by leading experts who are well known in the field Includes some monographs of which there is little material already available The bibliographic evidence provided could support applications for registration of Herbal Medicinal Products under the provisions of the Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product Directive An excellent valuable resource for everyone interested in herbal medicine. <table> <tr><td>CHAPTER 1 - The historical sources</td><td>Pages 1-22</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 2 - Some observations on the Western herbal tradition</td><td>Pages 23-28</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 3 - Origins and proponents of the revival of herbal medicine in 19th century Britain</td><td>Pages 29-35</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 4 - A note on Goethe</td><td>Pages 37-40</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 5 - Notes on nomenclature, plant descriptions, quality, constituents, safety and dosages</td><td>Pages 41-45</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 6 - Agrimonia eupatoria, agrimony</td><td>Pages 47-55</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 7 - Alchemilla vulgaris, lady's mantle</td><td>Pages 57-65</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 8 - Althaea officinalis, marshmallow; Malva sylvestris, common mallow; Alcea rosea, hollyhock</td><td>Pages 67-78</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 9 - Apium graveolens, wild celery</td><td>Pages 79-89</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 10 - Arctium lappa, burdock</td><td>Pages 91-103</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 11 - Artemisia absinthium, wormwood</td><td>Pages 105-121</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 12 - Artemisia vulgaris, mugwort</td><td>Pages 123-134</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 13 - Centaurium erythraea, centaury</td><td>Pages 135-144</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 14 - Daucus carota, wild carrot</td><td>Pages 145-154</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 15 - Drimia maritima, squill</td><td>Pages 155-164</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 16 - Fumaria officinalis, fumitory</td><td>Pages 165-172</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 17 - Galium aparine, goosegrass</td><td>Pages 173-180</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 18 - Glechoma hederacea, ground ivy</td><td>Pages 181-189</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 19 - Hyssopus officinalis, hyssop</td><td>Pages 191-199</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 20 - Inula helenium, elecampane</td><td>Pages 201-210</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 21 - Lamium album, white deadnettle</td><td>Pages 211-220</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 22 - Ocimum basilicum, basil</td><td>Pages 221-229</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 23 - Paeonia officinalis, paeony</td><td>Pages 231-239</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 24 - Potentilla erecta, tormentil</td><td>Pages 241-252</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 25 - Rosa damascena, damask rose</td><td>Pages 253-270</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 26 - Rubus idaeus, raspberry</td><td>Pages 271-282</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 27 - Ruta graveolens, rue</td><td>Pages 283-295</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 28 - Scrophularia nodosa, figwort</td><td>Pages 297-306</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 29 - Stachys officinalis, wood betony</td><td>Pages 307-316</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 30 - Tussilago farfara, coltsfoot</td><td>Pages 317-326</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 31 - Verbena officinalis, vervain</td><td>Pages 327-336</td></tr> <tr><td>CHAPTER 32 - Viola odorata, sweet violet; Viola tricolor, heartsease</td><td>Pages 337-348</td></tr> <tr><td>Index</td><td>Pages 349-379</td></tr> </table>
9-379</td></tr> </table>)
Taulavuori et al. 2013 + (The aim of this paper is to review the exp …
The aim of this paper is to review the experimental studies performed with two important species (i.e. ''Vaccinium myrtillus'' and ''Vaccinium vitis-idaea'') of the shrub layer of boreal forests. The focus is on ecophysiology and stress tolerance under conditions of air pollution and global change. Our objective was to make an overview of studies of abiotic stress related to global change on the above species, and discuss the reported effects of these environmental factors. These issues include nitrogen, heavy metals, radionuclides, salt, ozone, carbon dioxide, warming climate, declining snow cover, periodic droughts, fire and elevated UV radiation. The findings suggest that both species are relatively tolerant to many abiotic environmental stresses: increased nitrogen and metal supply have negligible impacts on these species, as the atmospheric gaseous compounds reported. In some cases the effects are even positive, since extra nitrogen may improve the frost hardiness of ''V. vitis-idaea'', and ''V. myrtillus'' may even benefit from elevated CO₂. Both species also seem to recover well from fires. However, the reports demonstrated that both have species-specific areas of weakness: (1) ''V. myrtillus'' is susceptible to stress caused by warming winter, and (2) frost hardiness of ''V. vitis-idaea'' may be reduced under enhanced UV radiation.
ay be reduced under enhanced UV radiation.)
Łuczaj et al. 2012 + (The aim of this review is to present an ov …
The aim of this review is to present an overview of changes in the contemporary use of wild food plants in Europe, mainly using the examples of our home countries: Poland, Italy, Spain, Estonia and Sweden. We set the scene referring to the nutrition of 19th century peasants, involving many famine and emergency foods. Later we discuss such issues as children’s wild snacks, the association between the decline of plant knowledge and the disappearance of plant use, the effects of over-exploitation, the decrease of the availability of plants due to ecosystem changes, land access rights for foragers and intoxication dangers. We also describe the 20th and 21st century vogues in wild plant use, particularly their shift into the domain of haute-cuisine.
ir shift into the domain of haute-cuisine.)
Ristić et al 2010 + (The aim of this work was to analyse the ch …
The aim of this work was to analyse the chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils isolated from two wild-growing species of thyme (Thymus pulegioides L. and T. glabrescens Willd.) originating from different locations in Romania. The yield of essential oil was determined according to European Pharmacopoeia standards. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oils was performed using GC and GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity was tested by the microdilution technique against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, S. enteritisdis, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, M. flavus and Listeria monocytogenes) and human pathogen yeast Candida albicans. The essential oil of Thymus pulegioides was obtained in a yield of 0.7–1 % (v/d.w. herbal drug) and the main components were carvacrol (50.5–62.6 %), g-terpinene (9.8–9.9 %) and p-cymene (5.8–7.1 %). The essential oil of T. glabrescens was obtained in a yield of 0.7 (v/d.w. herbal drug) and the main components were geraniol (55.5 %), neryl acetate (11.1 %) and β-bisabolene (6.7 %). The essential oils inhibited microbial growth at concentrations of 10.8–27 μl/ml.
growth at concentrations of 10.8–27 μl/ml.)
Mártonfi 1997 + (The genus ''Thymus'' in Carpathians and Pa …
The genus ''Thymus'' in Carpathians and Pannonia is represented by 11 species (two of which are divided in two subspecies). In the paper the survey of the taxa with their synonymy is presented. Altogether 279 taxonomic synonyms, 382 nomenclatural synonyms and 358 invalid names, combinations and misidentifications are listed. At the same time 79 lectotypifications of names, among the others ''Thymus carpathicus'' ČELAK. and ''Thymus montanus'' WALDST. et KIT. are given. The paper is completed by citations of exsicates and drawings as well as by 11 nomenclatural notes and a new combination - ''Thymus pulcherrimus'' subsp. ''carpathicus'' (ČELAK.) MÁRTONFI.
subsp. ''carpathicus'' (ČELAK.) MÁRTONFI.)
Zwick 1978 + (The identity of 6 nomina nuda published by …
The identity of 6 nomina nuda published by the late B. Mannheims (1976) is ascertained, some new species are described. ''Liponeura cinerascens jugoslavica'' Komarek & Vimmer is revalidated and several new synonymies are established: ''Liponeura cinerea cinera'' Loew (= ''L. pyrenaica'' Vaillant); ''L. minor'' Bischoff (= ''L. vanosica'' Vaillant, = ''L. meridionalis'' Vaillant, = ''L. occidentalis'' Vaillant); ''L. gelaiana'' Giudicelli & Lavandier (''L. iberica'' Mannheims, nom. nud.); ''L. deceptiva'' Vaillant (= ''L. deceptiva'' Mannheims, nom. nud.); ''L. deceptrix'' n. sp.; ''L. itala'' n. sp. (= ''L. itala'' Mannheims, nom. nud.), ''L. angelieri'' Giudicelli & Lavandier (= ''L. annulata'' Mannheims, nom. nud.); ''L. bischoffi'' Edwards (= ''L. sardoa'' Mannheims, nom. nud.); ''L. cypria'' n. sp.; ''L. nevadensis'' n. sp. (= ''L. vockerothi'' Mannheims, nom. nud.); ''Apistomyia aphrodite'' n. sp.; ''A. ariadne'' n. sp. Faunistical data for these and for several other European species of ''Liponeura'', ''Dioptopsis'', ''Blepharicera'', ''Hapalothrix'' and ''Apistomyia'' are also presented.
x'' and ''Apistomyia'' are also presented.)
Kwak et al. 1985 + (The nectar characteristics (amount, concen …
The nectar characteristics (amount, concentration and sugar ratios) of two sympatrically occurring and synchronously flowering Rhinanthus species were investigated. Data were collected on days with different temperatures. Nectar amounts available for bumblebees (pollinators) were higher on a hot day in Rhinanthus serotinus than in R. minor. On a cool day no differences were found except in the early morning. Nectar of R. serotinus taken at any one time showed higher sugar concentrations than R. minor. Nectar of both species contained fructose, glucose and sucrose. In R. minor lactose and rhamnose were also detected. The relationship of these findings to previously demonstrated floral preference of bumblebees is discussed.
ral preference of bumblebees is discussed.)
Tiţă et al. 2009 + (The paper reports on 161 medicinal plants …
The paper reports on 161 medicinal plants of 56 families, traditionally used in the South-West of Romania (Oltenia region). The plants are applied in ethnopharmacology for the treatment of digestive, respiratory, urinary, cutaneous, cardiovascular, genital and other disorders.
rdiovascular, genital and other disorders.)
Kwak 1979 + (The pollination ecology of five species of …
The pollination ecology of five species of Rhinanthoideae (the annual species Rhinanthus serotinus, R. minor and Melampyrum pratense , the biennial Pedicularis sylvatica and the annual and biennial P. palustris) has been investigated. All species contain pollen and nectar and are frequently visited by sternotribically and nototribically pollinating bumblebees. The effectiveness of pollen transfer has been measured by the use of fluorescent powder. In R. serotinus and M. pratense no differences exist in percentages of fluorescent stigmas of flowers nototribically or sternotribically visited by bumblebees. R. minor flowers, visited sternotribically, have very low percentages of fluorescent stigmas. This indicates that the pollen‐covered venter cannot touch stigmas enclosed by the galea; the movements of the bumblebees probably caused self‐pollination. P. palustris, R. serotinus and M. pratense flowers are very frequently perforated by nectar‐collecting short‐tongued bumblebees. P. sylvatica and R. minor flowers are very rarely perforated. On these species nectar is mainly collected by nototribically pollinating bumblebees. Seed production and dependence upon pollination by bumblebees (Bombus Latr. spp.) are considered. A range from high dependence upon bumblebee visits for seed production in P. palustris , to medium dependence in P. sylvatica and R. serotinus and virtual independence in R. minor and M. pratense is established. No species is completely self‐sterile. Seed set in caged plants is due to favourable morphology and position of flowers. Close proximity of thecae and stigma or a downward curving of the pistil under pollen chamber in Melampyrum and Rhinanthus insure seed set in caged plants. In Pedicularis these characteristics for self‐pollination are absent. The importance of bumblebees for the five Rhinanthoideae and the reciprocal importance of these pollen and nectar providing plants for bumblebees is discussed. The importance of alternative pollination by honeybees, thrips and wind is evaluated.
y honeybees, thrips and wind is evaluated.)
Kwak 1978 + (The pollination, hybridization and etholog …
The pollination, hybridization and ethological isolation of sympatric and synchronously flowering annuals Rhinanthus minor and R. serotinus were studied. Pollination was achieved by nototribically and sternotribically pollinating bumblebees (Bombus spp.), i.e. the essential parts of the flower contacts the dorsal respectively the ventral side of the insect’s body. In general, pollination behaviour was related to tongue lengths of bumblebee species. Bumblebees could bring about species hybridization by visits to both plants species during one foraging trip as nototribic or as sternotribic pollinators and species isolation by visits to only one species during one foraging trip or by visits to one species nototribically and to the other sternotribically during one foraging trip. Hybridization between the two annual Rhinanthus species resulted in the rise of hybrid swarms. Partial isolation could be effected if medium-tongued or short-tongued bumblebee species visited both plant species during one foraging trip; in that case the stigma of R. minor is not able to touch the sites of R. serotinus pollen on the bodies of the bumblebees, but the reverse may be possible. The inaccessibility of the R. minor stigma resulted in R. minor remaining relatively „pure“. By analyzing the foraging patterns of bumblebees on Rhinanthus during three successive days the significance of two different forms of ethological isolation is considered. About 40% of the observed bumblebees confined their visits to one Rhinanthus species. The long-tongued B. hortorum showed a strong preference for R. serotinus. The behaviour patterns of 60% brought about partial isolation or hybridization. The medium-tongued B. pascuorum was responsible for partial isolation (isolation of R. minor). The short-tongued species B. pratorum, B. terrestris and B. lapidarius were „good“ hybridizers. To support the idea that introgression into R. serotinus was likely, some other factors are discussed, e.g. the attractiveness of R. serotinus, and the fact that bumblebees are more likely to alternate between R. serotinus and the hybrid forms.
between R. serotinus and the hybrid forms.)
Bonet & Vallès 2007 + (The present paper deals with plants used i …
The present paper deals with plants used in veterinary medicine in Montseny. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the Montseny massif, which is situated in north-east Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula), covers 826 km2 and has a population of 80,000. The information was obtained through 120 ethnobotanical interviews to 180 informants. Out of 584 species reported, 351 are claimed to be used in the health field (human and veterinary medicine), 280 in human and animal food and 236 have another kind of popular use. Medicinal species represent around 16.5% of Montseny's vascular flora. In a previous paper we addressed plant use in human medicine, and the present paper deals with veterinarian uses. As a reflection of the importance of rural life in the region, at least until recent times, a substantial number of medicinal plants (89 species, representing 6% of the flora of the territory and 6.4% of all medicinal use-reports in the region) is used in veterinary medicine. These remedies are mostly for cows, calves, sheep, pigs and horses, and secondarily, to poultry, rabbits and dogs. The main ailments treated are postnatal problems, intestinal troubles, wounds and dermatological problems. In many cases, the use of these remedies in veterinary medicine is fully consistent with their use in human medicine.
nsistent with their use in human medicine.)
Vondrášková et al. 2012 + (The purpose of this study is to evaluate t …
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutrient quality of grazing herbaceous plants. Analysis was performed on 175 samples from ''Taraxacum officinale'', ''Alchemilla vulgaris'', ''Achillea millefolium'', ''Plantago lanceolata'', ''P. major'', ''Rumex obtusifolius'' and ''Ranunculus acris'' which were collected in the Sumava Mts area at an altitude of 650-790 m a.s.l.. Two cattle fitted with permanent rumen cannulae were used in the rumen degradability studies. The lowest content of crude protein (CP) was recorded in ''Ranunculus acris'' at 106.5 g/kg DM, and the highest in ''Rumex obtusifolius'' at 203.8 g/kg DM. The lowest contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were found in ''Taraxacum officinale'' (236; 200.6 and 30.6 g/kg DM). Meanwhile ''Rumex obtusifolius'' had the highest ADL content at 115.7 g/kg DM. Digestibility of organic matter (OM) was highest in ''Taraxacum officinale'' (77%) and lowest in ''Rumex obtusifolius'' (58.4 %). Nitrogen free extract (NFE) and nonfibrous carbohydrate (NFC) content was highest in ''Alchemilla vulgaris'' (597.9 and 483.9 g/kg DM) and the lowest was in ''Rumex obtusifolius'' (505.7 and 338.2 g/kg DM). The highest content of metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy for lactation (NEL) was found in ''Taraxacum officinale'' (10.1 and 6 MJ/kg DM) and the lowest content in ''Rumex obtusifolius'' (7.3 and 4.1 MJ/kg DM). The highest NDF degradability throughout incubation in the rumen was recorded in ''Taraxacum officinale''. The lowest NDF degradability was found in ''Rumex obtusifolius'' (198.1 to 581.8 g/kg) and ''Ranunculus acris'' (278.6 to 566 g/kg). The highest differences in degradation between these species were observed in ''Achillea millefolium'', ''Plantago major'' and ''Rumex obtusifolius''.
antago major'' and ''Rumex obtusifolius''.)
Redzic 2006 + (This article presents first systematical p …
This article presents first systematical procedure results on traditional usage of wild, edible, vitaminous, and aromatic plants in the nutrition of human population in Bosnia and Herzegovina (W. Balkan peninsula; SE Europe). By method of an ethnobotanical interview, which comprised of over 250 persons, whose average age was 55, and by research on edible wild flora all around Bosnia and Herzegovina that extended over many years, detected were 308 plants belonging to 73 plant families that are being used in nutrition and diet of indigenous population. Edible wild plants are used as delicious vegetables, fruits, peer and spices, in either fresh, raw, or dried condition. Plants are being used for the making of cooked food (33%), fresh salads (19%), mush and bread (17%), or as fresh, wild fruits and drinks (13%) or as spices and ethno-pharmacological potions (10%). The majority of identified, wild edible plants may satisfy the daily human need for elementary nutrition material, particularly those of vitamins C and A, and for some minerals, according to the regulations of World Health Organization (WHO).
ations of World Health Organization (WHO).)
Róbertsdóttir 2016 + (This beautifully illustrated, full-color g …
This beautifully illustrated, full-color guide provides everything readers need to know about the medicinal powers of 90 native herbs of Iceland--85 of which also grow in North America. Anna Rosa Robertsdottir describes the history, uses, harvesting, drying, and storage of the plants, and includes a wealth of detailed instructions for their preparation--including infusions, decoctions, tinctures, and syrups. Generous color photographs of both the leaves and flowers facilitate plant identification, allowing both amateur and professional herbalists to use the guide to full advantage. User-friendly layout, meticulous research, a wealth of detailed information, and an extensive bibliography make this an essential, one-of-a-kind reference for anyone interested in the subject. For each herb, sidebars describe: Habitat, Parts used, Harvesting, Constituents, History, Action, Uses, Research, Dosage ---- Dieser wunderschön illustrierte, farbige Leitfaden bietet alles, was der Leser über die Heilkräfte von 90 einheimischen Kräutern aus Island wissen muss - 85 davon wachsen auch in Nordamerika. Anna Rósa Róbertsdóttir beschreibt die Geschichte, Verwendung, Ernte, Trocknung und Lagerung der Pflanzen und enthält eine Fülle detaillierter Anweisungen für ihre Zubereitung - einschließlich Aufgüsse, Abkochungen, Tinkturen und Sirupe. Großzügige Farbfotografien sowohl der Blätter als auch der Blüten erleichtern die Identifizierung der Pflanzen, so dass sowohl Hobby- als auch professionelle Kräuterkundige den Leitfaden optimal nutzen können. Benutzerfreundliches Layout, sorgfältige Recherchen, eine Fülle detaillierter Informationen und eine umfangreiche Bibliographie machen ihn zu einem unentbehrlichen und einzigartigen Nachschlagewerk für jeden, der sich für das Thema interessiert. Für jedes Kraut sind Seitenleisten beschrieben: Lebensraum, verwendete Teile, Ernte, Inhaltsstoffe, Geschichte, Wirkung, Verwendung, Forschung, Dosierung.
Wirkung, Verwendung, Forschung, Dosierung.)
Menendez-Baceta et al. 2012 + (This ethnobotanical study aims to describe …
This ethnobotanical study aims to describe the domain of wild edible plants in Gorbeialdea (Biscay, Iberian Peninsula), and to assess the cultural importance of the different species and food categories. Field work was conducted between 2008 and 2010, interviewing 103 informants about the traditional use of wild plants for food. The edible use of 49 species was recorded, 45% of them gathered for their fruits. The most important species coincide with those registered in other regions in the north of the Iberian Peninsula (''Prunus spinosa'', ''Rubus ulmifolius'', ''Castanea sativa'', ''Fragaria vesca'', ''Rumex acetosa'', ''Vaccinium myrtillus'' and ''Arbutus unedo''). However, the importance of some species and uses that had not been previously recorded as edible in the ethnobotanical literature of the Iberian Peninsula, highlights the singularity of the area. The consumption of the leaves of Fagus sylvatica, the seeds of Pinus radiata, and the shoots of Pteridium aquilinum are some examples of specific uses. The eating of the fruits of ''Quercus robur'', and ''Q. ilex'' was common until some decades ago and is still remembered by the informants. However, the consumption of those fruits has now a social stigma, and as shown in this paper, it can be overlooked by a methodology only based on open interviews. The most important use-category was ‘fruits’, following the trend found in other northern regions of the Iberian and Italian Peninsulas. ‘Snack vegetables’ is also a relevant category, including 35% of the cited species, with a high diversity of chewed plants, mainly as hunger or thirst quenchers. On the contrary, there was a low valorization of condiments and elaborated vegetables.
n of condiments and elaborated vegetables.)
Williams & Hernandez 2000 + (This study examined the British bumble bee …
This study examined the British bumble bees ''Bombus ruderatus'' and ''B. hortorum'' to assess which characters might be used to give the best discrimination between females of the two taxa. The approach taken was to apply quantitative methods, in order to provide explicit and accountable comparisons. The first stage of the analysis examined queens to identify which of 30 morphological and pubescence characters might be most promising. The second stage then sought to assess which of the subset of 13 promising characters worked best with a larger sample of the workers, which are more difficult to distinguish. Although these characters showed statistically significant differences between taxa, many of them showed poor discriminatory power. However, a combination of two morphological characters, the breadth of the head and the length of the malar area, was found to distinguish most queens of the two taxa. This combination has not been used before, and for our sample showed an improved discrimination (90% individuals non-overlapping) compared to some of the most popular traditional characters (39% non-overlapping).
ditional characters (39% non-overlapping).)
Kunelius & Clark 1970 + (Three birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatu …
Three birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) cultivars, inoculated with one of six Lotus rhizobia strains or dependent on ammonium nitrate, were grown in diSPo growth pouches under controlled environmental conditions at five root temperatures (9–30 C) for 35 days after nodule formation. When the plants were dependent on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the highest dry weights and nitrogen yields per plant were obtained at 18 or 24 C depending on symbiotic combination. At 9 and 12 C, nitrogen fixation was depressed and the growth was poor. The dry weights of plants at 9 C were 19 to 45% of those at 24 C. At 30 C the growth and nitrogen fixation were generally depressed. At all root temperatures the growth of plants dependent on symbiotic nitrogen fixation was inferior to that of plants receiving combined nitrogen (NH4NO3). Significant interactions indicate that the nitrogen fixing ability of cultivars was dependent on both root temperature and the strain of Lotus rhizobia.
perature and the strain of Lotus rhizobia.)
Dall’Acqua et al. 2002 + (To search for antitumor agents from plants …
To search for antitumor agents from plants, we studied Polygala vulgaris since cytotoxic lignans are known to occur in some Polygala species. Preliminary data on plant petrol ether, chloroform, and methanol extracts from the roots and aerial parts, showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against the solid tumor LoVo cell line. Fractionation of the active extracts led to the isolation of three new compounds, a derivative of aucuparine and two xanthones, as well as a known methylsinapate. All compounds were tested for in vitro cytotoxic activity using two cell lines, LoVo and its strain, which express resistance to common antitumor agents.
ess resistance to common antitumor agents.)
Vinagre et al. 2019 + (Traditional medicine has an important role …
Traditional medicine has an important role in local communities, who use plants in the treatment of various diseases. The research of traditional uses of medicinal plants allows us to document and analyze ethnopharmacological practices. This paper reports on an ethnobotanical survey that was conducted in the Protected Landscape of the “Serra de Montejunto”, a Portuguese area in the west of the Iberian Peninsula, where these studies were nonexistent.
ula, where these studies were nonexistent.)
Esser - Giftpflanzen Deutschlands - 1910 + (VORWORT. Die Tatsache, daß ständig noch …
VORWORT. Die Tatsache, daß ständig noch Fälle vorkommen, wo Menschen durch den Genuß giftiger Pflanzenteile ihr Leben einbüßen, und zwar in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl aus Unkenntnis der Pflanzen, rechtfertigt wohl die Herausgabe eines Werkes, dessen vornehmliche Bestimmung ist, die Kenntnis der Giftpflanzen allgemeiner zu machen. Diesem Zweck soll das Buch auch in der Hand des Lehrers dienen, dem nächst den Eltern die Aufgabe zufällt, aufklärend und warnend die Kinder auf die Gefahren aufmerksam zu machen, die beim Genüsse von Teilen unbekannter Pflanzen ihnen drohen. Das Buch würde nach dieser Richtung hin seinen Zweck nicht ganz erfüllen, wenn es sich mit der Beschreibung der Pflanzen begnügt hätte. Das berechtigte Bestreben, im Unterricht die „biologischen Erscheinungen“ mehr in den Vordergrund treten zu lassen, war Veranlassung, bei jeder Pflanze eine Zusammenstellung etwa zu machender biologischer Beobachtungen zu geben. In der vorliegenden Bearbeitung sind jene Gewächse der deutschen Flora aufgenommen, in denen das Vorhandensein giftigwirkender Stoffe chemisch nachgewiesen ist, ferner solche, durch welche nachweislich Vergiftungen vorgekommen sind, wenn auch die Gifte selbst noch nicht ermittelt wurden, sowie endlich einige, deren Giftwirkung mit Sicherheit noch nicht nachgewiesen wurde, die aber allgemein als giftig angesehen werden, und denen gegenüber also Vorsicht am Platze ist. Einige giftführende Zierpflanzen, die zwar nicht der wildwachsenden Flora Deutschlands angehören, die aber in Gärten und öffentlichen Anlagen allgemein zu finden, und deshalb den Bewohnern der Städte bekannter sind als manche unserer einheimischen Pflanzen, glaubte ich gleichfalls aufnehmen zu müssen. Bei Angabe der Gifte habe ich mich darauf beschränkt, diese chemisch zu charakterisieren und ihre physiologischen Wirkungen, wo es angebracht erschien, unter Zeichnung der Symptome, unter denen die Vergiftung sich zeigt, anzugeben. Weil der Zweck des vorliegenden Werkes weniger in der Verbreitung der Kenntnis der „Gifte“ als vielmehr der „Giftpflanzen“ liegt, habe ich es unterlassen, Angaben über die Anwendung von Gegenmitteln in den einzelnen Vergiftungsfällen zu machen. Dies gehört in das Gebiet der praktisch-medizinischen Giftlehre, und darauf bezügliche Anordnungen zu treffen, ist Sache des Arztes. Schon die Diagnose einer Vergiftung ist oft mit Schwierigkeiten verknüpft und kann nur durch einen erfahrenen Arzt vorgenommen werden. Einige allgemein gültige Angaben über die erste Behandlung vergifteter Personen finden sich am Schlüsse der Einleitung. Bei Auswahl der Abbildungen auf den Wandtafeln habe ich darauf Bedacht genommen, möglichst Pflanzen aus den verschiedensten Familien darstellen zu lassen, damit die Tafeln auch sonst für den botanischen Unterricht Verwendung finden können. Dem bereitwilligen Entgegenkommen des Verlegers, der u.a. gerne die bedeutenden Kosten für die Herstellung der farbigen Tafeln, die für das vorliegende’ Werk sämtlich nach der Natur neu gezeichnet wurden, aufwandte, ist die vornehme Ausstattung des Buches zu verdanken. Auch Herr Direktor Prof. Dr. Thomé hat in dankenswerter Weise durch mannigfache Ratschläge dem Werke seine Unterstützung zuteil werden lassen. In der Herstellung der prachtvollen Wandtafeln hat die Kunstanstalt des Herrn C. Bollmann in Gera ihren Ruf bewährt, die schönen Texttafeln wurden von Herrn Walter Müller-Gera angefertigt. Cöln, im Januar 1910. Der Verfasser.
gt. Cöln, im Januar 1910. Der Verfasser.)
Kovář et al. 2001 + (Vegetation in grasslands with well-develop …
Vegetation in grasslands with well-developed long-lasting ant-hills in the Slovenské Rudohorie Mts., Slovakia, was studied in relation to (i) position on the mound, (ii) ant species forming the mound, and (iii) history of the mound. Permanent plot recordings of mound size and dominant ant species started fifteen years prior the study began provided information on the history of individual mounds. The mound vegetation bears a striking similarity to vegetation in similar habitats across a large part of Europe due to presence of species such as Agrostis capillaris, Dianthus deltoides, Polytrichum commune agg., Thymus pulegioides, and Veronica offıcinalis. Out of the three major ant species-groups present at the site (Lasius flavus, Tetramorium caespitum and Formica spp.), L. flavus had the most pronounced and the most lasting effect on the mound vegetation. The dominance of the plant species listed above increased with the time span over which the mound was inhabited by L. flavus. The effects of other species on vegetation composition, though discernible from short-term observation, disappeared over several years. The mounds proper did not differ from the undisturbed grassland in the proportion of myrmecochorous plants or plants with specific seed size or dormancy type. However, there was a highly significant concentration of myrmecochorous plants in the grassland patches immediately neighbouring the mounds; this is likely to be due to seeds deposited there by the workers from the nest after the elaiosomes had been consumed. The mound vegetation was composed mainly of species with long stolons or rhizomes; however, there was no significant difference in formation type or length of stolons/rhizomes between mounds and the rest of the grassland or among mounds formed by different ant species.
ng mounds formed by different ant species.)
Bollmann et al. 2002 + (Verzeichnis der Farbabbildungen fast aller europäischen Großpilze (> 5 mm).)
Schmeil & Heubach 1911 + (Verzeichnis der Tafeln und Seite: # Haseln …
Verzeichnis der Tafeln und Seite: # Haselnußstrauch (Corylus avellana) 4 # Sal- oder Palmweide (Salix caprea) 20 # Hopfen (Humulus lupulus) 24 # Sonnen- Wolfsmilch (Euphorbia helioscopia) 34 # Scharbockskraut (Ficaria verna) 48 # Busch- Windröschen (Anemone nemorosa) 52 # Weiße Seerose (Nymphaea alba) 62 # Rundblättriger Sonnentau (Drosera rotundifolia) und Fettkraut (Pinguicula vulgaris) 68 # Osterluzei (Aristolochia clematitis) 70 # Klatschmohn (Papaver rhoeas) 82 # Wohlriechendes Veilchen (Viola odorata) 88 # Winterlinde (Tilia ulmifolia) 92 # Reiherschnabel (Erodium cicutarium) 100 # Lein- oder Flachs (Linum usitatissimum) 104 # Roßkastanie (Aesculus hippocastanum) 108 # Scharfer Mauerpfeffer (Sedum acre) 124 # Birnbaum (Pirus communis) 128 # Möhre oder Mohrrübe (Daucus carota) 166 # Heidekraut (Calluna vulgaris) 176 # Duftende Schlüsseiblame (Primula officinalis) 184 # Hopfenseide (Cuscuta europaea) 194 # Schwarzwurz (Symphytum officinale) 196 # Weiße Taubnessel (Lamium album) 200 # Leinkraut oder Frauenflaclis (Linaria vulgaris) 208 # Echte Königskerze (Verbascum thapsus) 210 # Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum) 220 # Mittlerer Wegerich (Plantago media) 226 # Wald-Geißblatt (Lonicera periclymenum) 230 # Rundblättrige Glockenblume (Campanula rotundifola) 234 # Tulpe (Tulipa) 300 # Herbstzeitlose (Colchicum autumnale) 308 # Maiblume oder Maiglöckchen (Gonvallaria maialis) 310 # Wasser-Schwerthhe (Iris pseudacorus) 320 # Breitblättriges Knabenkraut oder breitblättrige Orchis (Orchis latifolia) 324 # Kiefer (Pinus silvestris) 332 # Wurmfarn (Aspidium filix mas.) 352 # Ackerschachtelhalm (Equisetum arvense) 360 # Wald zur Steinkohlenzeit 366 # Pilze 388 # Pilze 392
inkohlenzeit 366 # Pilze 388 # Pilze 392)

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